Hva er CNC-dreiing?

What Is CNC Turning?

CNC snur is a manufacturing process in which bars of material are held in a chuck and rotated while a cutting tool is fed to the piece to remove material to create the desired shape. This process is typically used to create round or tubular shapes， I tillegg, CNC turning allows the generation of complex external geometries and internal holes, including the machining of various threads、hexagons.

CNC Turning Process Overview

1. Workpiece Preparation

Materiell valg: The process begins with choosing an appropriate material for the workpiece, which could be metal, plast, tre, or other materials.

Klemming: The workpiece is clamped into the chuck of the CNC lathe. The chuck holds the workpiece securely and rotates it during the machining process.

2. Programmering

CAD/CAM Software: Engineers use Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software to create a detailed model of the part to be produced. This model is then imported into Computer-Aided Manufacturing (Cam) software to generate the machining instructions.

G-kode: The CAM software translates the design into G-code, a language CNC machines understand. This code contains all the instructions for tool movements, spindle speeds, Fôrhastigheter, and other parameters.

3. Maskinoppsett

Valg av verktøy: The appropriate cutting tools are selected and loaded into the turret of the CNC lathe. Common tools include turning tools, boring bars, and threading tools.

Tool Calibration: Each tool is calibrated to ensure it is correctly positioned relative to the workpiece. This involves setting the tool offsets and ensuring the machine’s coordinate system is properly aligned.

4. Maskineringsprosess

Spindle Rotation: The CNC lathe’s spindle rotates the workpiece at a predetermined speed. The speed is selected based on the material and the desired surface finish.

Tool Movement: Holding the cutting tools, the turret moves along the X and Z axes (and sometimes the Y axis) to engage the tools with the rotating workpiece. The CNC system precisely controls the movement.

Materiell fjerning: The cutting tool removes material from the workpiece in a controlled manner.

5. Kvalitetskontroll

In-Process Inspection: As the machining progresses, measurements are taken to ensure the part meets the specified dimensions and tolerances. This can involve manual measurements or automated probing systems.

Endelig inspeksjon: Once the machining is complete, the part is removed from the machine and undergoes a thorough inspection for dimensional accuracy, overflatebehandling, and other quality criteria.

6. Etterbehandling

Avgrading og etterbehandling: The machined part is often subjected to additional processes such as deburring (removing sharp edges), polere, or coating to achieve the desired final properties.

Forsamling: If the part is a component of a larger assembly, it may be assembled with other parts as required.

Types of CNC Turning Operations

CNC turning encompasses various operations performed on a turning center, inkludert:

1. Facing: Cutting a flat surface perpendicular to the workpiece’s rotational axis by feeding the tool perpendicularly across the part.
2. Snu: Removing material from the outer diameter of the workpiece, either parallel or at an angle to create tapered parts.
3. Boring: Creating holes along the rotational axis of the part. Advanced centers can drill in various orientations.
4. Kjedelig: Enlarging an existing hole by feeding a cutting tool into the hole’s inner wall.
5. Tråd: Cutting threads on the inner or outer diameter of the workpiece.
6. Grooving/Parting: Creating features like O-ring grooves or separating the finished part from the stock using a grooving tool.
7. Knurling: Producing a diamond pattern on the outer diameter by compressing the material, commonly used for adding grips.

Types of CNC Turning Machines

Horizontal Lathes: Commonly used for general turning operations.

Vertical Lathes: Ideal for large and heavy workpieces.

Swiss-Type Lathes: Designed for small, presisjonsdeler.

Common Turning Tooling Types

Boring Bar: Enlarges existing holes.

Parting Tool: Cuts off pieces from the workpiece.

Grooving Tool: Creates grooves or slots.

Threading Tool: Forms threads on the workpiece.

Form Tool: Shapes the workpiece into a specific profile.

What materials are commonly used in turning applications?

CNC turning is a versatile manufacturing process that can work with a wide range of materials. Here are some of the most common materials used in turning applications:

Metaller:

1. Aluminium – Lightweight and easy to machine, often used in aerospace, bil, og forbrukerprodukter.
2. Stål – Various types including stainless steel, Verktøystål, and carbon steel, are used in construction, Produksjon, og bilindustrien.
3. Titan – Strong and lightweight, ideal for aerospace and medical applications.
4. Messing – Good for electrical and decorative applications due to its conductivity and aesthetic appeal.
5. Kopper – Used for its excellent thermal and electrical conductivity.
6. Bronse – Known for its wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
7. Magnesium – Lightweight and strong, used in electronics and aerospace.
8. Wolfram – Very hard and heat-resistant, used in specialized applications like tooling.

Plast:

1. Akryl (PMMA) – Transparent and easy to machine, used for displays and lighting.
2. Abs (Akrylnitril Butadien Styren) – Durable and impact-resistant, commonly used in prototyping and manufacturing.
3. PC (Polykarbonat) – Transparent and impact-resistant, used in safety equipment and electronics.
4. Peek (Polyeter Eter Keton) – High-temperature and chemical-resistant, used in aerospace and medical devices.
5. Nylon (Polyamide) – Strong and flexible, used in gears and mechanical parts.
6. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) – Rigid and affordable, used in construction and signage.
7. KJÆLEDYR (Polyethylene Terephthalate) – Used in packaging and containers.
8. Polypropylen (Pp) – Flexible and chemically resistant, used in packaging and medical devices.

Kompositter:

1. Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) – High strength-to-weight ratio, used in aerospace and automotive.
2. Fiberglass Reinforced Polymers (FRP) – Strong and lightweight, used in construction and automotive.
3. Kevlar – High tensile strength and cut resistance, used in protective gear and armor.

Ceramics and Glass:

1. Aluminiumoksyd – Used in electronic components and wear-resistant parts.
2. Silicon Carbide -hardt og slitasjebestandig, used in abrasive applications.
3. Zirconia – Strong and biocompatible, used in dental and medical applications.
4. Glass – Transparent and brittle, used in optical components and decorative items.

Wood and Wood-Based Materials:

1. Solid Woods – Used in furniture and decorative items.
2. MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) – Used in furniture and cabinetry.
3. Plywood – Used in construction and furniture.

When selecting materials for turning applications, consider factors such as the application requirements, Mekaniske egenskaper, koste, and availability. If you have a specific project in mind, let me know, and I can help you determine which materials might be best suited for your needs.

Advantages of CNC Turning

Presisjon: CNC turning provides high precision and repeatability, ensuring consistent quality across multiple parts.

Effektivitet: Automated control reduces the time required for setup and machining, increasing production efficiency.

Komplekse former: Capable of producing complex geometries and intricate details that would be difficult or impossible to achieve manually.

Fleksibilitet: Suitable for a wide range of materials and applications, fra prototyping til masseproduksjon.

Reduced Labor: Minimizes the need for manual intervention, reducing the risk of human error and improving safety.

Applications of CNC Turning

CNC turning and machining processes are highly beneficial to different manufacturing sectors. Below we will take a brief look at the applications of turning operations.

Bilindustri

CNC turning operations are pretty common in the manufacture of components of automobiles that help improve the functioning of the vehicle. The process is compatible with manufacturing metal components like cylinder blocks and plastic components like dashboard components.

Electrical Industry

CNC turning is suitable for creating circuit boards, among other electrical components. Since it’s an extremely precise machining process, products are electronically efficient, meeting all requirements and specifications.

Luftfartsindustri

The aviation industry requires a process like CNC turning and machining because of its high dimensional accuracy. They are suitable for designing steel parts for the shuttle and aircraft fasteners and internal components.

What Is the difference between CNC fresing og Snu?

CNC Milling is mainly realized by rotating and moving the tool on the surface of the workpiece and is often used to process flat, buede overflater og komplekse former på deler, for eksempel gir, Former, deler skjell, Og så videre.

CNC Turning is mainly realized by rotating the workpiece and cutting with the tool on the workpiece and is often used to process cylindrical-shaped parts, slik som sjakter, lagre, tråder, osv.

Dreie- og freselikheter

Begge prosessene, dreiing og fresing, bruk subtraktiv produksjon for å fjerne uønsket materiale, produserer avfallsflis. De er forskjellige i lagermateriale, bearbeidingsmetoder, og verktøy, men begge bruker avansert CNC-teknologi. Ingeniører programmerer maskinene ved hjelp av CAD-programvare, redusere tilsyn og minimere menneskelige feil, som øker hastighet og pålitelighet for jevn kvalitet.

Dreiing og fresing er egnet for metaller som aluminium, stål, messing, kopper, og titan, samt ulike termoplaster. Imidlertid, de er ikke egnet for materialer som gummi og silikon (for myk) eller keramikk (for hardt).

Begge teknikkene genererer varme og bruker ofte skjærevæske for å håndtere dette problemet.

How to Choose Between CNC Milling and CNC Turning

CNC Milling is generally considered the most recommended method for producing parts with complex shapes, while CNC Turning is equally good for simpler, round shapes.

Likevel, Both CNC Milling and CNC Turning can be used sequentially when a part requires both complex shapes and cylindrical features. because there may be situations where both operation processes are required.

Professional Advice:

If you’re unsure about which process to use or need guidance on the most efficient way to manufacture your part, consider hiring professional machining services. DEZE can help you make informed decisions based on your specific requirements and the characteristics of the part you wish to produce.

DEZE’s CNC Turning Capability

State-of-the-art CNC Machines

Our precision CNC machining capabilities include CNC turning, CNC fresing, and turn-milling to exact specifications. This ensures high accuracy for your parts and high efficiency for your production and enables fast, effektiv, and cost-effective conversion of single prototypes to mass production.

Efficient Turning Operations

Our CNC lathes can provide efficient boring operations with live tooling. Mount the boring head with one, two, or multiple cutters into the tailstock or the rotates head and process deep or large diameter holes with the same precision and rigidity parameters. It saves your time and the precision of the turning parts is higher.

Konklusjon

CNC Turning is a highly efficient and precise machining process used to create cylindrical and symmetrical parts. By automating the control of machine tools, it allows for the production of complex shapes with high accuracy and repeatability. This process is integral to modern manufacturing, providing the capability to produce high-quality components for various industries, inkludert bil, luftfart, medisinsk, Og mer.