Fjärilsventil: Hur det fungerar, Typ, och viktiga fördelar

4. Key Components and Materials

Major Components of a Butterfly Valve

Ventilkropp

• • Fungera: The valve body is the main housing that contains all the other components.
    It provides structural integrity and ensures that the valve can withstand the pressure and temperature of the fluid passing through it.
  • Design: Typiskt, the body is designed to fit between two flanges or can be installed in a wafer configuration.

Skiva

• • Fungera: The disc is the circular plate that controls the flow of fluid. It rotates around a central axis to open or close the valve.
  • Design: The disc can be either concentric or offset, depending on the type of butterfly valve (TILL EXEMPEL., double offset or triple offset).

Plats

• • Fungera: The seat is the sealing surface that ensures a tight closure when the valve is in the closed position. It forms a seal around the disc to prevent any leakage.
  • Design: Seats can be made of various materials and can be either resilient (mjuk) or metal-to-metal, Beroende på ansökningskraven.

Stam

• • Fungera: The stem connects the disc to the actuator and allows for the rotation of the disc. It transmits the torque from the actuator to the disc.
  • Design: The stem can be one-piece or multi-piece, and it can be either solid or hollow, depending on the valve design and application.

Sälar

• • Fungera: Seals prevent leaks around the stem and other moving parts, ensuring that the valve operates efficiently and safely.
  • Design: Seals can be made of various materials, such as O-rings, packar, och förpackning, and are often designed to be easily replaceable.

Common Materials Used in Butterfly Valves

Kroppsmaterial

• • Rostfritt stål: Corrosion-resistant and durable, vilket gör det lämpligt för ett brett utbud av applikationer, including chemical and petrochemical processes.
    Such us: Cf8, Cf3, CF8M, Cf3m.
  • Kolstål: Stark och kostnadseffektiv, commonly used in high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
  • Duktil järn: Economical and durable, often used in water and wastewater treatment systems.
  • Plast: Lightweight and resistant to certain chemicals, suitable for low-pressure and low-temperature applications.

Skivmaterial

• • Rostfritt stål: Corrosion-resistant and durable, ideal for applications involving corrosive media. Such us: Cf8, Cf3, CF8M, Cf3m.
  • Aluminium: Lätt och korrosionsbeständig, suitable for low-pressure and low-temperature applications.
  • Various Alloys: Special alloys can be used for specific applications, such as high-temperature or high-corrosion environments.

Sittmaterial

• • Ptfe (Polytetrafluoroetylen): Chemically inert and has excellent non-stick properties, making it suitable for a wide range of fluids.
  • Epdm (Etenpropylendiomonomer): Resistant to a wide range of chemicals and temperatures, commonly used in water and wastewater applications.
  • Nbr (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber): Resistant to oils and fuels, suitable for petrochemical applications.
  • Other Elastomers: Various other elastomers can be used depending on the specific requirements of the application.

Stammaterial

• • Rostfritt stål: Korrosionsbeständig och stark, vilket gör det lämpligt för ett brett utbud av applikationer.
  • Kolstål: Stark och kostnadseffektiv, commonly used in high-pressure and high-temperature applications.

Hänsyn till materialval

• Korrosionsmotstånd: Välj material som tål den korrosiva karaktären hos den vätska som kontrolleras.
• Temperatur och tryck: Välj material som kan hantera systemets driftstemperatur och tryck.
• Kemisk kompatibilitet: Se till att materialen är kompatibla med de specifika kemikalierna eller vätskorna i systemet.
• Kostnad och tillgänglighet: Tänk på kostnaden och tillgången på material, balansera prestandakrav med budgetrestriktioner.

Genom att noggrant välja lämpliga material för varje komponent, du kan säkerställa att fjärilsventilen fungerar tillförlitligt och effektivt i sin avsedda användning.

Denna uppmärksamhet på detaljer i materialvalet är avgörande för att bibehålla ventilens livslängd och effektivitet.

5. Typer av fjärilsventiler

Fjärilsventiler finns i olika typer, var och en utformad för att uppfylla specifika applikationskrav.

Att förstå skillnaderna mellan dessa typer kan hjälpa dig att välja rätt ventil för dina behov. Här är en detaljerad titt på huvudtyperna av fjärilsventiler:

Luggfjärilventil

Beskrivning: En klackfjärilsventil har gängade insatser eller klackar på utsidan av ventilkroppen.

Dessa klackar gör att ventilen kan installeras mellan två flänsar och kan användas i återvändsgränd.

Typiska applikationer:

• Vatten- och avloppsrening: Idealisk för att kontrollera flödet av vatten och avloppsvatten i reningsverk.
• Kemisk bearbetning: Lämplig för applikationer som involverar frätande kemikalier.

Fördelar:

• Återvändstjänst: Detta kan användas i återvändsgränd, där ena sidan av ventilen kan isoleras.
• Lätt att ta bort: Lätt att ta bort för underhåll eller byte.

Nackdelar:

• Kosta: Generellt dyrare än waferventiler.
• Vikt: Tyngre än waferventiler, vilket kan påverka installation och hantering.

Datapunkter:

• Lug butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 600 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 tum.

Skivfjärilsventil

Beskrivning: A wafer butterfly valve is sandwiched between two flanges and held in place by bolts. It does not have external lugs and relies on the flanges for support.

Typiska applikationer:

• HVAC -system: Commonly used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems to regulate air and water flow.
• Brandskyddssystem: Used in fire sprinkler systems to control water flow.

Fördelar:

• Lightweight and Cost-Effective: Lighter and less expensive than lug valves.
• Kompakt design: This takes up less space, making it ideal for installations with limited space.

Nackdelar:

• Not Suitable for Dead-End Service: Cannot be used in dead-end service, as it cannot isolate one side of the valve.
• Inriktning: Requires proper alignment during installation to ensure a secure fit.

Datapunkter:

• Wafer fjärilsventiler klarar tryck upp till 300 psi och temperaturer från -40°F till 250°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 tum.

Double Offset Butterfly Valve (D0)

Beskrivning: Den dubbelförskjutna vridspjällsventilen har skaftet förskjutet från mittlinjen på skivan och kroppen. Denna design minskar slitage och förbättrar tätningsprestanda.

Typiska applikationer:

• Petrokemisk och kemisk industri: Används i högpresterande applikationer där exakt flödeskontroll och minimalt slitage är avgörande.
• Läkemedelsindustri: Lämplig för applikationer som kräver hög renhet och minimal kontaminering.

Fördelar:

• Bättre tätning: Förbättrad tätningsprestanda tack vare offsetdesignen.
• Minskat slitage: Mindre slitage på skiva och sits, förlänger ventilens livslängd.

Nackdelar:

• Komplexitet: Mer komplex design jämfört med vanliga vridspjällsventiler, vilket kan öka kostnaderna.
• Högre kostnad: Generellt dyrare än vanliga vridspjällsventiler.

Datapunkter:

• Dubbla förskjutna vridspjällsventiler klarar tryck upp till 1,000 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 600°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 60 tum.

Trippel offset fjärilsventil (T0)

Beskrivning: The triple offset butterfly valve features three offsets, providing a metal-to-metal seal and zero leakage.

The design ensures a tight seal even under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions.

Typiska applikationer:

• Högtemperatur- och högtryckssystem: Ideal for power generation plants and other systems with extreme operating conditions.
• Kryogena applikationer: Suitable for systems involving very low temperatures, such as LNG storage and transportation.

Fördelar:

• Zero Leakage: Provides a metal-to-metal seal, ensuring zero leakage.
• High-Pressure Capability: Capable of handling high pressures and temperatures.

Nackdelar:

• Most Expensive: The most expensive type of butterfly valve due to its complex design and high-performance materials.
• Complex Design: More complex and requires specialized maintenance.

Datapunkter:

• Triple offset butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,500 psi and temperatures ranging from -320°F to 1,200°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 48 tum.

Fjärilsventil (HPBV)

Beskrivning: High-performance butterfly valves are designed to offer superior sealing and flow control capabilities.

They often feature advanced materials and designs to handle demanding applications.

Typiska applikationer:

• Olje- och gasindustri: Used in pipelines and processing facilities to control the flow of hydrocarbons.
• Kemisk bearbetning: Suitable for applications involving aggressive chemicals and high temperatures.

Fördelar:

• Superior Sealing: Enhanced sealing performance for critical applications.
• Varaktighet: Built to withstand harsh operating conditions and extended use.

Nackdelar:

• Kosta: More expensive than standard butterfly valves.
• Underhåll: Requires regular maintenance to ensure optimal performance.

Datapunkter:

• High-performance butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,200 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 800°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 60 tum.

Eccentric Butterfly Valve

Beskrivning: An eccentric butterfly valve has an offset disc that helps reduce wear and improve sealing.

The eccentric design allows the disc to lift away from the seat when opening, reducing friction and wear.

Typiska applikationer:

• Slurry Applications: Ideal for handling slurries and other abrasive media.
• Vattenbehandling: Used in water treatment plants to control the flow of water and wastewater.

Fördelar:

• Minskat slitage: The eccentric design reduces wear on the disc and seat.
• Improved Sealing: Better sealing performance, especially in slurry applications.

Nackdelar:

• Komplexitet: Mer komplex design jämfört med vanliga vridspjällsventiler.
• Kosta: Generellt dyrare än vanliga vridspjällsventiler.

Datapunkter:

• Eccentric butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 600 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 tum.

6. Butterfly Valve Actuation

Butterfly valves can be actuated in several ways to control the flow of fluids.

The choice of actuation method depends on the specific application requirements, such as the frequency of operation, the need for precise control, and the operating environment.

Here are the main types of butterfly valve actuation:

Manuell manövrering

Beskrivning: Manual actuation involves using a handwheel or lever to rotate the valve stem and disc. This is the simplest and most cost-effective method of actuation.

Typiska applikationer:

• Low-Frequency Operations: Suitable for applications where the valve is rarely opened or closed, such as in small industrial plants or residential settings.
• Emergency Shut-Off: Often used for emergency shut-off valves where quick manual intervention is necessary.

Datapunkter:

• Manual butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 600 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 tum.

Pneumatisk manövrering

Beskrivning: Pneumatic actuation uses compressed air to move the valve stem and disc. Pneumatic actuators are reliable and can provide fast and precise control.

Typiska applikationer:

• Processkontroll: Commonly used in process control systems where rapid and accurate flow control is essential.
• Automatiserade system: Suitable for fully automated systems in industries like petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Datapunkter:

• Pneumatic butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,000 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 60 tum.

Elektrisk manövrering

Beskrivning: Electric actuation uses an electric motor to rotate the valve stem and disc. Electric actuators are versatile and can be programmed for precise control.

Typiska applikationer:

• Remote Locations: Ideal for remote or hard-to-reach locations where pneumatic or hydraulic systems may not be feasible.
• Automatisering: Suitable for fully automated systems in industries like oil and gas, vattenbehandling, och hvac.

Datapunkter:

• Electric butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,200 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 60 tum.

Hydraulisk manövrering

Beskrivning: Hydraulic actuation uses pressurized fluid to move the valve stem and disc. Hydraulic actuators are powerful and can handle high torque requirements.

Typiska applikationer:

• Heavy-Duty Applications: Suitable for heavy-duty applications in industries like mining, kraftproduktion, and shipbuilding.
• High Torque Requirements: Ideal for large valves that require significant torque to operate.

Datapunkter:

• Hydraulic butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,500 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 tum.

Solenoid Actuation

Beskrivning: Solenoid actuation uses an electromagnetic coil to move a plunger, which in turn moves the valve stem and disc. Solenoid actuators are compact and provide quick on/off control.

Typiska applikationer:

• On/Off Control: Ideal for applications requiring simple on/off control, such as in irrigation systems and small industrial processes.
• Emergency Shut-Off: Often used for emergency shut-off valves where quick response is critical.

Datapunkter:

• Solenoid butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 300 psi och temperaturer från -40°F till 250°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 12 tum.

7. Fördelar med fjärilsventiler

Butterfly valves offer significant benefits across various applications, inklusive:

• Lightweight and Compact: They require less space, making them suitable for compact systems or limited-space installations.
• Snabboperation: With a quarter-turn design, butterfly valves allow for rapid open/close cycles, essential in time-sensitive processes.
• Cost-Efficiency: Compared to more complex valve types, butterfly valves are simpler and more economical to produce.
• Mångsidighet: Butterfly valves accommodate a variety of media, inklusive vätskor, gaser, and even semi-solid slurries.

8. Limitations of Butterfly Valves

• Potential Leakage in Higher-Pressure Applications: While they excel in low-pressure applications, butterfly valves may not be suitable for extremely high-pressure systems, where they might experience leaks.
• Less Precise Flow Control: They do not offer the same level of precision as globe valves for fine flow control.
• Wear and Tear in High-Stress Environments: In harsh conditions, the components of butterfly valves can wear out more quickly, requiring regular inspection and maintenance.

9. Applikationer av fjärilsventiler

Industrianvändning:

• Vatten- och avloppsrening: Butterfly valves are widely used in water treatment plants to manage the flow of water and wastewater, ensuring efficient and reliable operation.
• Petrokemisk och kemisk bearbetning: They control the flow of chemicals and petrochemicals in various processing units, maintaining safety and efficiency.
• HVAC -system: Butterfly valves regulate air and water flow in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, optimizing energy use and comfort.
• Mat- och dryckesindustri: They control the flow of liquids and gases in food processing, ensuring hygiene and compliance with industry standards.

Residential and Commercial Applications:

• Plumbing Systems: Butterfly valves manage water flow in residential and commercial plumbing systems, ensuring consistent water supply.
• Brandskyddssystem: They control the flow of water in fire sprinkler systems, enhancing fire safety.

Specialiserade applikationer:

• Högtemperatur- och högtryckssystem: Butterfly valves are used in systems with extreme conditions, such as power generation plants.
• Kryogena applikationer: They are employed in systems involving very low temperatures, such as LNG storage and transportation.

10. Jämförelse med andra ventiler

• Grindventiler: Gate valves are used for on/off control and are better suited for high-pressure applications.
  Fjärilsventiler, dock, are more compact and cost-effective, making them ideal for large-scale systems.
• Kullventiler: Ball valves offer excellent shut-off capabilities but have a higher pressure drop.
  Fjärilsventiler, å andra sidan, are more suitable for high-flow, low-pressure applications due to their lower pressure drop.
• Jordventiler: Globe valves provide precise flow control but are more expensive and have a higher pressure drop.
  Butterfly valves are more cost-effective and easier to install, making them a preferred choice for many applications.

11. Butterfly Valve Selection Tips

• Considerations for Choosing the Right Valve Type, Material, and Size:

• • Flödeshastighet: Ensure the valve can handle the required flow rate, typically measured in gallons per minute (Gpm) or cubic meters per hour (m³/h).
  • Tryck: Select a valve that can withstand the system’s pressure, allt från 150 psi till över 1,000 psi depending on the application.
  • Temperatur: Choose materials that can handle the operating temperature, from cryogenic temperatures (-196° C) to high temperatures (upp till 600 ° C).
  • Media: Consider the compatibility of the valve materials with the fluid being controlled, whether it’s water, kemikalier, or gases.

• Application-Based Selection Criteria:

• • Vatten- och avloppsrening: Use corrosion-resistant materials like stainless steel to ensure long-term durability.
  • Petrokemisk och kemisk bearbetning: Choose valves with high chemical resistance to withstand aggressive media.
  • HVAC -system: Opt for lightweight and cost-effective valves to optimize system performance.
  • Mat- och dryckesindustri: Select valves that meet sanitary standards to ensure food safety and quality.

12. Slutsats

Sammanfattningsvis, butterfly valves are a cornerstone of fluid control technology, offering efficient, reliable performance across various industries.

Whether you are managing water and wastewater treatment, HVAC -system, or petrochemical processes, butterfly valves offer a reliable and efficient way to control fluid flow.

Förstå de olika typerna, materiel, and best practices for installation and maintenance empowers users to maximize the lifespan and functionality of their butterfly valves.

Ultimately improving system efficiency and reducing operational costs.

DEZE är källleverantören av vridspjällsventiler, med sin gjutningsgjuteri, CNC -bearbetning verkstad, och testlaboratorium.

Om du har några behov av vridspjällsventiler och deras tillbehör, var gärna kontakta oss.