6061 Алюміній: Common Temper Grades &Матеріальні властивості

6061 aluminum is a versatile and widely used alloy, known for its excellent combination of strength, Корозійна стійкість, and weldability.

Widely recognized and used by engineers, machinists, fabricators, and welders for a variety of applications.

6061 алюміній, along with its counterpart 6063, is a go-to choice for structural aluminum. It finds applications in diverse fields, including aerospace components, Морська арматура, and heavy-duty construction equipment.

Compared to 6063, 6061 boasts significantly higher tensile and yield strength, making it the preferred option for demanding structural requirements.

Although not the strongest aluminum alloy available, 6061 stands out for its balanced properties.

Its combination of excellent corrosion resistance, Хороша обробка, and impressive tensile strength ensures widespread use across industries.

Додатково, 6061 aluminum is highly adaptable, easy to process, and forgiving during fabrication.

It can be cut, welded, and shaped with relative ease, delivering consistent and dependable results even in complex manufacturing processes.

Common Temper Grades of 6061 Алюміній & Матеріальні властивості

6061 aluminum is a versatile and widely used alloy, known for its excellent combination of strength, Корозійна стійкість, and weldability.

It is available in several temper grades, each designed to meet specific mechanical property requirements. Here’s a comprehensive overview:

Summary Table of Material Properties

1. 6061-O (Annealed)

• Щільність (g/cm³): 2.70
• Сила на розрив (MPA): 120-150
• Похідна сила (MPA): 55-70
• Modulus of Elasticity (GPa): 68.3
• Брінелл твердість (500g, 10mm ball): 35-45
• Подовження на перерві (%): 25-35
• Shear Modulus (GPa): 26.0
• Shear Strength (MPA): 70-90
• Fatigue Strength (MPA): 70-90
• Thermal Expansion Coefficient (μm/m·°C): 23.6
• Solidus Temperature (° C): 577
• Liquidus Temperature (° C): 635
• Annealing Temperature (° C): 343-454
• Solution Treatment Temperature (° C): Not applicable
• Теплопровідність (W/m·K): 151
• Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg·K): 896

Заявки: 6061-O is often used in deep-drawing operations and other forming processes where maximum formability and low strength are required.

Its high elongation makes it ideal for applications that require significant deformation without breaking.

2. 6061-T4 (Solution Heat-Treated and Naturally Aged)

• Щільність (g/cm³): 2.70
• Сила на розрив (MPA): 240-290
• Похідна сила (MPA): 130-180
• Modulus of Elasticity (GPa): 68.3
• Брінелл твердість (500g, 10mm ball): 70-90
• Подовження на перерві (%): 12-15
• Shear Modulus (GPa): 26.0
• Shear Strength (MPA): 140-160
• Fatigue Strength (MPA): 140-160
• Thermal Expansion Coefficient (μm/m·°C): 23.6
• Solidus Temperature (° C): 577
• Liquidus Temperature (° C): 635
• Annealing Temperature (° C): 343-454
• Solution Treatment Temperature (° C): 445-465
• Теплопровідність (W/m·K): 151
• Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg·K): 896

Заявки: 6061-T4 is commonly used in applications where moderate strength and good formability are required.

It is often found in extrusions, tubing, and general structural components. The natural aging process helps achieve a balanced set of mechanical properties.

3. 6061-T5 (Solution Heat-Treated and Cooled to Stabilize Microstructure)

• Щільність (g/cm³): 2.70
• Сила на розрив (MPA): 240-270
• Похідна сила (MPA): 160-210
• Modulus of Elasticity (GPa): 68.3
• Брінелл твердість (500g, 10mm ball): 70-90
• Подовження на перерві (%): 10-12
• Shear Modulus (GPa): 26.0
• Shear Strength (MPA): 140-160
• Fatigue Strength (MPA): 140-160
• Thermal Expansion Coefficient (μm/m·°C): 23.6
• Solidus Temperature (° C): 577
• Liquidus Temperature (° C): 635
• Annealing Temperature (° C): 343-454
• Solution Treatment Temperature (° C): 445-465
• Теплопровідність (W/m·K): 151
• Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg·K): 896

Заявки: 6061-T5 is less common but useful in applications where a balance of strength and formability is needed, and natural aging is not desired.

It is often used in extruded sections and structural components.

4. 6061-T6 (Solution Heat-Treated and Artificially Aged)

• Щільність (g/cm³): 2.70
• Сила на розрив (MPA): 276-310
• Похідна сила (MPA): 230-270
• Modulus of Elasticity (GPa): 68.3
• Брінелл твердість (500g, 10mm ball): 95-125
• Подовження на перерві (%): 8-10
• Shear Modulus (GPa): 26.0
• Shear Strength (MPA): 160-200
• Fatigue Strength (MPA): 160-200
• Thermal Expansion Coefficient (μm/m·°C): 23.6
• Solidus Temperature (° C): 577
• Liquidus Temperature (° C): 635
• Annealing Temperature (° C): 343-454
• Solution Treatment Temperature (° C): 445-465
• Теплопровідність (W/m·K): 151
• Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg·K): 896

Заявки: 6061-T6 is the most common temper grade for 6061 алюміній.

It offers a good balance of strength and formability, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, including bicycle frames, aircraft parts, and architectural structures.

The artificial aging process enhances its mechanical properties.

5. 6061-T651 (Solution Heat-Treated, Stress-Relieved, and Artificially Aged)

• Щільність (g/cm³): 2.70
• Сила на розрив (MPA): 276-310
• Похідна сила (MPA): 230-270
• Modulus of Elasticity (GPa): 68.3
• Брінелл твердість (500g, 10mm ball): 95-125
• Подовження на перерві (%): 8-10
• Shear Modulus (GPa): 26.0
• Shear Strength (MPA): 160-200
• Fatigue Strength (MPA): 160-200
• Thermal Expansion Coefficient (μm/m·°C): 23.6
• Solidus Temperature (° C): 577
• Liquidus Temperature (° C): 635
• Annealing Temperature (° C): 343-454
• Solution Treatment Temperature (° C): 445-465
• Теплопровідність (W/m·K): 151
• Specific Heat Capacity (J/kg·K): 896

Заявки: 6061-T651 is similar to 6061-T6 but includes an additional stress-relieving process.

This process reduces internal stresses and improves machinability, making it ideal for precision machining applications, such as aircraft components and high-tolerance parts.

Висновок

6061 алюміній is a highly versatile material, with each temper grade offering unique properties to suit specific applications.

The most commonly used temperature is 6061-T6, which provides a good balance of strength and formability.

Однак, other tempers like 6061-T4, 6061-T5, and 6061-T651 offer different advantages in terms of formability, обробка, і економічна ефективність.

Understanding these properties can help in selecting the appropriate temper grade for your specific needs.

If you have any more specific questions or needs, feel free to Зв’яжіться з нами!