Drugelio vožtuvas: Kaip tai veikia, Tipai, ir pagrindinės naudos

4. Key Components and Materials

Major Components of a Butterfly Valve

Vožtuvo korpusas

• • Funkcija: The valve body is the main housing that contains all the other components.
    It provides structural integrity and ensures that the valve can withstand the pressure and temperature of the fluid passing through it.
  • Dizainas: Paprastai, the body is designed to fit between two flanges or can be installed in a wafer configuration.

Diskas

• • Funkcija: The disc is the circular plate that controls the flow of fluid. It rotates around a central axis to open or close the valve.
  • Dizainas: The disc can be either concentric or offset, depending on the type of butterfly valve (Pvz., double offset or triple offset).

Sėdynė

• • Funkcija: The seat is the sealing surface that ensures a tight closure when the valve is in the closed position. It forms a seal around the disc to prevent any leakage.
  • Dizainas: Seats can be made of various materials and can be either resilient (minkštas) or metal-to-metal, depending on the application requirements.

Kamienas

• • Funkcija: The stem connects the disc to the actuator and allows for the rotation of the disc. It transmits the torque from the actuator to the disc.
  • Dizainas: The stem can be one-piece or multi-piece, and it can be either solid or hollow, depending on the valve design and application.

Seals

• • Funkcija: Seals prevent leaks around the stem and other moving parts, ensuring that the valve operates efficiently and safely.
  • Dizainas: Seals can be made of various materials, such as O-rings, gaskets, and packing, and are often designed to be easily replaceable.

Common Materials Used in Butterfly Valves

Body Materials

• • Nerūdijantis plienas: Corrosion-resistant and durable, making it suitable for a wide range of applications, including chemical and petrochemical processes.
    Such us: CF8, CF3, CF8M, CF3M.
  • Anglies plienas: Strong and cost-effective, commonly used in high-pressure and high-temperature applications.
  • Kariuomenė geležis: Economical and durable, often used in water and wastewater treatment systems.
  • Plastikas: Lightweight and resistant to certain chemicals, suitable for low-pressure and low-temperature applications.

Disc Materials

• • Nerūdijantis plienas: Corrosion-resistant and durable, ideal for applications involving corrosive media. Such us: CF8, CF3, CF8M, CF3M.
  • Aliuminis: Lightweight and corrosion-resistant, suitable for low-pressure and low-temperature applications.
  • Various Alloys: Special alloys can be used for specific applications, such as high-temperature or high-corrosion environments.

Seat Materials

• • Ptfe (Politetrafluoretilenas): Chemically inert and has excellent non-stick properties, making it suitable for a wide range of fluids.
  • EPDM (Etileno propileno dienos monomeras): Resistant to a wide range of chemicals and temperatures, commonly used in water and wastewater applications.
  • NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber): Resistant to oils and fuels, suitable for petrochemical applications.
  • Other Elastomers: Various other elastomers can be used depending on the specific requirements of the application.

Stem Materials

• • Nerūdijantis plienas: Corrosion-resistant and strong, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.
  • Anglies plienas: Strong and cost-effective, commonly used in high-pressure and high-temperature applications.

Material Selection Considerations

• Atsparumas korozijai: Choose materials that can withstand the corrosive nature of the fluid being controlled.
• Temperatūra ir slėgis: Select materials that can handle the operating temperature and pressure of the system.
• Cheminis suderinamumas: Ensure that the materials are compatible with the specific chemicals or fluids in the system.
• Cost and Availability: Consider the cost and availability of materials, balancing performance requirements with budget constraints.

By carefully selecting the appropriate materials for each component, you can ensure that the butterfly valve performs reliably and efficiently in its intended application.

This attention to detail in material selection is crucial for maintaining the longevity and effectiveness of the valve.

5. Types of Butterfly Valves

Butterfly valves come in various types, each designed to meet specific application requirements.

Understanding the differences between these types can help you choose the right valve for your needs. Here’s a detailed look at the main types of butterfly valves:

LUG Butterfly vožtuvas

Aprašymas: A lug butterfly valve features threaded inserts or lugs on the outside of the valve body.

These lugs allow the valve to be installed between two flanges and can be used in dead-end service.

Tipiškos programos:

• Water and Wastewater Treatment: Ideal for controlling the flow of water and wastewater in treatment plants.
• Cheminis apdorojimas: Suitable for applications involving corrosive chemicals.

Privalumai:

• Dead-End Service: This can be used in dead-end service, where one side of the valve can be isolated.
• Ease of Removal: Easy to remove for maintenance or replacement.

Trūkumai:

• Kaina: Generally more expensive than wafer valves.
• Svoris: Heavier than wafer valves, which can affect installation and handling.

Data Points:

• Lug butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 600 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 coliai.

Wafer Butterfly Valve

Aprašymas: A wafer butterfly valve is sandwiched between two flanges and held in place by bolts. It does not have external lugs and relies on the flanges for support.

Tipiškos programos:

• HVAC Systems: Commonly used in heating, ventiliacija, and air conditioning systems to regulate air and water flow.
• Fire Protection Systems: Used in fire sprinkler systems to control water flow.

Privalumai:

• Lightweight and Cost-Effective: Lighter and less expensive than lug valves.
• Kompaktiškas dizainas: This takes up less space, making it ideal for installations with limited space.

Trūkumai:

• Not Suitable for Dead-End Service: Cannot be used in dead-end service, as it cannot isolate one side of the valve.
• Suderinimas: Requires proper alignment during installation to ensure a secure fit.

Data Points:

• Wafer butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 300 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 250°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 coliai.

Double Offset Butterfly Valve (D0)

Aprašymas: The double-offset butterfly valve has the stem offset from the centerline of the disc and the body. This design reduces wear and improves sealing performance.

Tipiškos programos:

• Petrochemical and Chemical Industries: Used in high-performance applications where precise flow control and minimal wear are critical.
• Pharmaceutical Industry: Suitable for applications requiring high purity and minimal contamination.

Privalumai:

• Better Sealing: Improved sealing performance due to the offset design.
• Reduced Wear: Less wear on the disc and seat, extending the valve’s lifespan.

Trūkumai:

• Sudėtingumas: More complex design compared to standard butterfly valves, which can increase cost.
• Higher Cost: Generally more expensive than standard butterfly valves.

Data Points:

• Double offset butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,000 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 600°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 60 coliai.

Triple Offset Butterfly Valve (T0)

Aprašymas: The triple offset butterfly valve features three offsets, providing a metal-to-metal seal and zero leakage.

The design ensures a tight seal even under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions.

Tipiškos programos:

• High-Temperature and High-Pressure Systems: Ideal for power generation plants and other systems with extreme operating conditions.
• Cryogenic Applications: Suitable for systems involving very low temperatures, such as LNG storage and transportation.

Privalumai:

• Zero Leakage: Provides a metal-to-metal seal, ensuring zero leakage.
• High-Pressure Capability: Capable of handling high pressures and temperatures.

Trūkumai:

• Most Expensive: The most expensive type of butterfly valve due to its complex design and high-performance materials.
• Complex Design: More complex and requires specialized maintenance.

Data Points:

• Triple offset butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,500 psi and temperatures ranging from -320°F to 1,200°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 48 coliai.

High-Performance Butterfly Valve (HPBV)

Aprašymas: High-performance butterfly valves are designed to offer superior sealing and flow control capabilities.

They often feature advanced materials and designs to handle demanding applications.

Tipiškos programos:

• Naftos ir dujų pramonė: Used in pipelines and processing facilities to control the flow of hydrocarbons.
• Cheminis apdorojimas: Suitable for applications involving aggressive chemicals and high temperatures.

Privalumai:

• Superior Sealing: Enhanced sealing performance for critical applications.
• Patvarumas: Built to withstand harsh operating conditions and extended use.

Trūkumai:

• Kaina: More expensive than standard butterfly valves.
• Priežiūra: Requires regular maintenance to ensure optimal performance.

Data Points:

• High-performance butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,200 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 800°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 60 coliai.

Eccentric Butterfly Valve

Aprašymas: An eccentric butterfly valve has an offset disc that helps reduce wear and improve sealing.

The eccentric design allows the disc to lift away from the seat when opening, reducing friction and wear.

Tipiškos programos:

• Slurry Applications: Ideal for handling slurries and other abrasive media.
• Vandens valymas: Used in water treatment plants to control the flow of water and wastewater.

Privalumai:

• Reduced Wear: The eccentric design reduces wear on the disc and seat.
• Improved Sealing: Better sealing performance, especially in slurry applications.

Trūkumai:

• Sudėtingumas: More complex design compared to standard butterfly valves.
• Kaina: Generally more expensive than standard butterfly valves.

Data Points:

• Eccentric butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 600 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 coliai.

6. Butterfly Valve Actuation

Butterfly valves can be actuated in several ways to control the flow of fluids.

The choice of actuation method depends on the specific application requirements, such as the frequency of operation, the need for precise control, and the operating environment.

Here are the main types of butterfly valve actuation:

Manual Actuation

Aprašymas: Manual actuation involves using a handwheel or lever to rotate the valve stem and disc. This is the simplest and most cost-effective method of actuation.

Tipiškos programos:

• Low-Frequency Operations: Suitable for applications where the valve is rarely opened or closed, such as in small industrial plants or residential settings.
• Emergency Shut-Off: Often used for emergency shut-off valves where quick manual intervention is necessary.

Data Points:

• Manual butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 600 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 coliai.

Pneumatic Actuation

Aprašymas: Pneumatic actuation uses compressed air to move the valve stem and disc. Pneumatic actuators are reliable and can provide fast and precise control.

Tipiškos programos:

• Proceso valdymas: Commonly used in process control systems where rapid and accurate flow control is essential.
• Automated Systems: Suitable for fully automated systems in industries like petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals.

Data Points:

• Pneumatic butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,000 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 60 coliai.

Electric Actuation

Aprašymas: Electric actuation uses an electric motor to rotate the valve stem and disc. Electric actuators are versatile and can be programmed for precise control.

Tipiškos programos:

• Remote Locations: Ideal for remote or hard-to-reach locations where pneumatic or hydraulic systems may not be feasible.
• Automatizavimas: Suitable for fully automated systems in industries like oil and gas, Vandens valymas, and HVAC.

Data Points:

• Electric butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,200 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 60 coliai.

Hydraulic Actuation

Aprašymas: Hydraulic actuation uses pressurized fluid to move the valve stem and disc. Hydraulic actuators are powerful and can handle high torque requirements.

Tipiškos programos:

• Heavy-Duty Applications: Suitable for heavy-duty applications in industries like mining, energijos generavimas, ir laivų statyba.
• High Torque Requirements: Ideal for large valves that require significant torque to operate.

Data Points:

• Hydraulic butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 1,500 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 450°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 72 coliai.

Solenoid Actuation

Aprašymas: Solenoid actuation uses an electromagnetic coil to move a plunger, which in turn moves the valve stem and disc. Solenoid actuators are compact and provide quick on/off control.

Tipiškos programos:

• On/Off Control: Ideal for applications requiring simple on/off control, such as in irrigation systems and small industrial processes.
• Emergency Shut-Off: Often used for emergency shut-off valves where quick response is critical.

Data Points:

• Solenoid butterfly valves can handle pressures up to 300 psi and temperatures ranging from -40°F to 250°F.
• They are available in sizes from 2 inches to 12 coliai.

7. Advantages of Butterfly Valves

Butterfly valves offer significant benefits across various applications, įskaitant:

• Lightweight and Compact: They require less space, making them suitable for compact systems or limited-space installations.
• Quick Operation: With a quarter-turn design, butterfly valves allow for rapid open/close cycles, essential in time-sensitive processes.
• Cost-Efficiency: Compared to more complex valve types, butterfly valves are simpler and more economical to produce.
• Universalumas: Butterfly valves accommodate a variety of media, including liquids, dujos, and even semi-solid slurries.

8. Limitations of Butterfly Valves

• Potential Leakage in Higher-Pressure Applications: While they excel in low-pressure applications, butterfly valves may not be suitable for extremely high-pressure systems, where they might experience leaks.
• Less Precise Flow Control: They do not offer the same level of precision as globe valves for fine flow control.
• Wear and Tear in High-Stress Environments: In harsh conditions, the components of butterfly valves can wear out more quickly, requiring regular inspection and maintenance.

9. Applications of Butterfly Valves

Pramoniniai pritaikymai:

• Water and Wastewater Treatment: Butterfly valves are widely used in water treatment plants to manage the flow of water and wastewater, ensuring efficient and reliable operation.
• Petrochemical and Chemical Processing: They control the flow of chemicals and petrochemicals in various processing units, maintaining safety and efficiency.
• HVAC Systems: Butterfly valves regulate air and water flow in heating, ventiliacija, and air conditioning systems, optimizing energy use and comfort.
• Maisto ir gėrimų pramonė: They control the flow of liquids and gases in food processing, ensuring hygiene and compliance with industry standards.

Residential and Commercial Applications:

• Plumbing Systems: Butterfly valves manage water flow in residential and commercial plumbing systems, ensuring consistent water supply.
• Fire Protection Systems: They control the flow of water in fire sprinkler systems, enhancing fire safety.

Specialized Applications:

• High-Temperature and High-Pressure Systems: Butterfly valves are used in systems with extreme conditions, such as power generation plants.
• Cryogenic Applications: They are employed in systems involving very low temperatures, such as LNG storage and transportation.

10. Comparison with Other Valves

• Gate Valves: Gate valves are used for on/off control and are better suited for high-pressure applications.
  Drugelio vožtuvai, Tačiau, are more compact and cost-effective, making them ideal for large-scale systems.
• Rutuliniai vožtuvai: Ball valves offer excellent shut-off capabilities but have a higher pressure drop.
  Drugelio vožtuvai, kita vertus, are more suitable for high-flow, low-pressure applications due to their lower pressure drop.
• Žemės rutulio vožtuvai: Globe valves provide precise flow control but are more expensive and have a higher pressure drop.
  Butterfly valves are more cost-effective and easier to install, making them a preferred choice for many applications.

11. Butterfly Valve Selection Tips

• Considerations for Choosing the Right Valve Type, Medžiaga, and Size:

• • Flow Rate: Ensure the valve can handle the required flow rate, typically measured in gallons per minute (GPM) or cubic meters per hour (m³/h).
  • Spaudimas: Select a valve that can withstand the system’s pressure, pradedant nuo 150 psi to over 1,000 psi depending on the application.
  • Temperatūra: Choose materials that can handle the operating temperature, from cryogenic temperatures (-196° C.) to high temperatures (up to 600°C).
  • Žiniasklaida: Consider the compatibility of the valve materials with the fluid being controlled, whether it’s water, Chemikalai, or gases.

• Application-Based Selection Criteria:

• • Water and Wastewater Treatment: Use corrosion-resistant materials like stainless steel to ensure long-term durability.
  • Petrochemical and Chemical Processing: Choose valves with high chemical resistance to withstand aggressive media.
  • HVAC Systems: Opt for lightweight and cost-effective valves to optimize system performance.
  • Maisto ir gėrimų pramonė: Select valves that meet sanitary standards to ensure food safety and quality.

12. Išvada

Apibendrinant, butterfly valves are a cornerstone of fluid control technology, offering efficient, reliable performance across various industries.

Whether you are managing water and wastewater treatment, HVAC systems, or petrochemical processes, butterfly valves offer a reliable and efficient way to control fluid flow.

Understanding the different types, Medžiagos, and best practices for installation and maintenance empowers users to maximize the lifespan and functionality of their butterfly valves.

Ultimately improving system efficiency and reducing operational costs.

DEZE is the source supplier of butterfly valves, with its casting foundry, CNC apdirbimas workshop, and testing laboratory.

If you have any needs for butterfly valves and their accessories, Prašau nedvejodami Susisiekite su mumis.