1. Įvadas
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is a robust lydinio plienas known for its exceptional mechanical properties and versatility across demanding industries.
This steel grade is designed to meet the rigorous demands of sectors where high performance, patvarumas, and reliability are crucial.
With its combination of Chromas (Kr), Nikelis (Į), ir molibdenas (MO), 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 excels in Nuovargio atsparumas, impact strength, ir atsparumas korozijai.
As industries continue to push for materials that offer both performance and longevity, alloy steels like 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 are gaining increasing importance.
Nuo aviacijos ir kosmoso ir Automobilių gamyba į energija ir Mašinos, this material is integral in producing critical components that operate under stress.
Šiame tinklaraštyje, we will explore the essential savybių, paraiškos, and benefits of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6,
offering a comprehensive overview of why this alloy is preferred in various high-performance applications.
2. What is 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel?
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is a medium-carbon, lydinio plienas commonly used for manufacturing high-strength components that demand both toughness and wear resistance.
The steel is primarily composed of Anglies (C), Chromas (Kr), Nikelis (Į), ir molibdenas (MO), each contributing to distinct qualities such as Kietas, resilience, ir atsparumas korozijai.
Cheminė sudėtis:
- Anglies (C): 0.36% - 0.44%
Carbon is a fundamental element in determining the hardness and strength of steel.
In 1.6582/34CrNiMo6, the carbon content is moderate, which provides a balance between stiprybė ir ausmingumas,
making the alloy suitable for components that need to withstand high loads without becoming brittle. - Chromas (Kr): 0.9% - 1.2%
Chromium is a crucial element in enhancing atsparumas korozijai ir kietumas.
It promotes the formation of a Apsauginis oksido sluoksnis on the surface, which prevents corrosion in environments that may otherwise degrade the material.
Chromium also improves Kietas, allowing the steel to harden more effectively during heat treatment. - Nikelis (Į): 1.3% - 1.8%
Nickel is responsible for enhancing the Tvirtumas ir low-temperature performance of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6.
It also increases stiprybė, making the steel more resistant to fracture under impact.
Be to, nickel contributes to improved creep resistance ir Aukštos temperatūros stabilumas. -
Molibdenas (MO): 0.2% - 0.3%
Molybdenum plays a critical role in improving the high-temperature strength ir creep resistance iš lydinio.
It also enhances the steel’s atsparumas korozijai, ypač atšiaurioje aplinkoje.
Molybdenum is also known for refining the steel’s grūdų struktūra, which contributes to overall strength and toughness. - Manganas (Mn): 0.5% - 0.8%
Manganese aids in deoxidizing the steel during production and helps improve kietumas ir stiprybė.
It also contributes to improving the Tvirtumas of the alloy and enhances its ability to resist impact Ir dėvėti. - Silicis (Ir): 0.2% - 0.35%
Silicon is primarily used as a deoxidizer in the production process and contributes to improving the stiprybė iš plieno.
It also aids in kietumas, making the steel more resistant to wear and surface degradation. -
Fosforas (P): ≤ 0.035%
Fosforas, in low quantities, can increase stiprybė ir kietumas. Tačiau, excessive amounts can lead to įkyri ir sumažintas kietumas.
For 1.6582/34CrNiMo6, the phosphorus content is carefully controlled to maintain a balance between strength and ductility. - Sieros (S): ≤ 0.035%
Like phosphorus, sulfur can improve Aparatas, but excessive sulfur content can negatively impact the Tvirtumas ir ausmingumas iš plieno.
For high-quality steel, the sulfur content is minimized to ensure optimal mechanical properties. - Other Elements:
-
- Vanadis (V) ir Boron (B) are sometimes added in trace amounts to further refine the grūdų struktūra and improve hardening.
- Vario (Cu) may also be present in small quantities, enhancing atsparumas korozijai ir stiprybė.
Summary of Chemical Composition:
Elementas |
Composition Range |
|---|---|
| Anglies (C) | 0.36% - 0.44% |
| Chromas (Kr) | 0.9% - 1.2% |
| Nikelis (Į) | 1.3% - 1.8% |
| Molibdenas (MO) | 0.2% - 0.3% |
| Manganas (Mn) | 0.5% - 0.8% |
Silicis (Ir) |
0.2% - 0.35% |
| Fosforas (P) | ≤ 0.035% |
| Sieros (S) | ≤ 0.035% |
| Others | Trace amounts of Vanadis, Boron, Vario, ir tt. |
Understanding the Nomenclature:
The code “1.6582” is a DIN classification that indicates the steel’s material type, while “34CrNiMo6” refers to its key alloying elements: Chromas, Nikelis, ir molibdenas.
This nomenclature helps identify the alloy’s intended use and composition.
3. Physical Properties of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel
The physical properties of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel are critical in determining its suitability for demanding engineering applications.
These properties are largely influenced by the alloying elements, such as chromium, Nikelis, ir Molybdenum, which are specifically chosen to optimize performance in various conditions.
Below are the key physical properties of this steel:
Tankis
- Tankis: Maždaug 7.85 g/cm³
The density of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is typical for carbon and low-alloy steels.
The relatively high density contributes to the material’s ability to withstand high loads and stresses without significant deformation,
which is essential for parts used in heavy machinery or high-performance automotive applications.
Lydymosi taškas
- Lydymosi taškas:1425 – 1510°C (2597 – 2750°F)
The melting point of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is relatively high, which ensures that it can withstand high temperatures during manufacturing processes, such as forging and heat treatment.
This makes the steel suitable for components subjected to elevated operational temperatures, like turbine blades and crankshafts.
Šiluminis išplėtimas
- Šilumos išsiplėtimo koeficientas:11.8 × 10⁻⁶/° C. (6.56 × 10⁻⁶/°F)
The coefficient of thermal expansion indicates how much the material expands with increasing temperature.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 has a moderate coefficient, which helps maintain dimensional stability during heating and cooling cycles in high-temperature applications.
This property is important for parts that must fit precisely under varying thermal conditions.
Šilumos laidumas
- Šilumos laidumas: Maždaug 45 W/m · k
The thermal conductivity of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is moderate, which means it has a moderate ability to transfer heat.
This property is beneficial for components used in power generation and automotive engines, where heat dissipation is essential but excessive conductivity could lead to heat-related failures.
Elektrinis laidumas
- Elektrinis laidumas: Relatively low compared to non-alloy steels
Like most steels, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is a poor conductor of electricity.
This low electrical conductivity is generally advantageous in applications where insulation or low conductivity is needed,
such as in structural components that don’t interact with electrical systems.
Savitoji šilumos talpa
- Savitoji šilumos talpa: Maždaug 0.46 J/g·°C
The specific heat capacity of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is typical for alloy steels, indicating how much heat is required to raise the temperature of a given mass of material.
This property is important in applications where thermal cycles are involved, such as in engine components or power transmission parts,
as it determines how much heat the material can absorb and store before changing temperature.
Summary of Physical Properties
| Nuosavybė | Vertė |
|---|---|
| Tankis | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Lydymosi taškas | 1425 – 1510°C (2597 – 2750°F) |
| Šiluminis išplėtimas | 11.8 × 10⁻⁶/° C. (6.56 × 10⁻⁶/°F) |
| Šilumos laidumas | 45 W/m · k |
| Elektrinis laidumas | Žemas |
| Savitoji šilumos talpa | 0.46 J/g·°C |
4. Mechanical Properties of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel
The Mechaninės savybės of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel are a critical aspect of its performance in demanding applications.
This steel is known for its excellent stiprybė, Tvirtumas, ir Nuovargio atsparumas, which makes it ideal for components that undergo high levels of stress, poveikis, Ir dėvėti.
The following is a breakdown of the alloy’s key mechanical properties:
Tempimo stiprumas
- Tempimo stiprumas (UTS): 800–1000 MPa
The tensile strength of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is a measure of the maximum stress the steel can withstand before breaking.
With a tensile strength range of 800 į 1000 MPA, this alloy is highly capable of enduring significant mechanical stress without failure,
making it ideal for high-load-bearing applications such as pavaros, velenai, ir alkūniniai velenai.
Derliaus stiprumas
- Derliaus stiprumas (0.2% Proof Stress): 550–750 MPa
Yield strength is the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 has an excellent yield strength range of 550 į 750 MPA, which allows it to maintain its shape under applied loads and ensures minimal plastic deformation,
todėl tai tinka high-stress applications kaip automotive components ir Sunkiosios mašinos.
Kietumas
- Kietumas (Rockwell C): 28–34 HRC
The hardness of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is typically measured using the Rockwell C scale (HRC).
After quenching and tempering, it falls within the range of 28–34 HRC, offering excellent atsparumas nusidėvėjimui ir abrasion resistance.
This hardness makes it ideal for parts that require a strong, durable surface, tokių kaip pavaros, bearing components, ir transmisijos dalys.
Poveikis kietumas
- Poveikis kietumas (Charpy V-Notch): ≥ 30 J (kambario temperatūroje)
Impact toughness refers to the material’s ability to absorb energy during dynamic loading arba shock.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 exhibits excellent impact toughness, making it suitable for applications
where the material is exposed to sudden forces or vibrations, tokių kaip automotive crankshafts ir turbine shafts.
The material’s ability to withstand shock loads without fracturing is crucial in heavy-duty machinery.
Nuovargio stiprumas
- Nuovargio stiprumas: ≥ 300 MPA (at 10⁶ cycles)
Fatigue strength is an important property for components subjected to cyclic loads.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 provides excellent Nuovargio atsparumas, ensuring that parts such as pavaros ir velenai can withstand repeated loading cycles without cracking or failing.
This is vital in applications where components experience continuous or fluctuating stress over time, tokių kaip automotive engines ir aerospace parts.
Pailgėjimas
- Pailgėjimas (į 50 mm gauge length): ≥ 15%
Elongation is a measure of a material’s ability to stretch before breaking, and it indicates ausmingumas.
With an elongation of 15%, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 demonstrates good ausmingumas, meaning it can deform under stress without cracking.
This property is beneficial for parts that need to absorb stress and still maintain their integrity under high-impact conditions.
Elastiškumo modulis
- Elastiškumo modulis (Young’s Modulus): 210 GPA
The modulus of elasticity measures the material’s stiffness and its ability to return to its original shape after deformation.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 has a relatively high modulus of elasticity, which means it resists deformation when subjected to applied loads.
This stiffness makes it suitable for structural components that need to maintain shape and performance under heavy loading.
Poisson’s Ratio
- Poisson’s Ratio: 0.29
Poisson’s ratio describes the material’s response to deformation in one direction when stretched in another.
With a Poisson’s ratio of 0.29, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 strikes a balance between stiprybė ir ausmingumas,
making it ideal for use in high-load components that must resist distortion under stress.
Summary of Mechanical Properties
| Nuosavybė | Vertė |
|---|---|
| Tempimo stiprumas (UTS) | 800–1000 MPa |
| Derliaus stiprumas (0.2% Proof Stress) | 550–750 MPa |
| Kietumas (Rockwell C) | 28–34 HRC |
| Poveikis kietumas (Charpy) | ≥ 30 J (kambario temperatūroje) |
| Nuovargio stiprumas | ≥ 300 MPA (at 10⁶ cycles) |
| Pailgėjimas (į 50 mm) | ≥ 15% |
| Elastiškumo modulis | 210 GPA |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.29 |
5. Other properties of 6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel
Šiluminės savybės:
- Šilumos atsparumas: 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 maintains its mechanical properties even at elevated temperatures,
making it suitable for high-temperature applications such as automotive engines ir Turbinos ašmenys. - Atsparumas korozijai: While it is not as resistant as stainless steel, the alloy demonstrates improved corrosion resistance
when exposed to mild corrosive environments due to the presence of Chromas ir molibdenas.
Weldability and Machinability:
- Suvirinamumas: The alloy has good weldability, although proper preheating and heat treatment after welding is necessary to avoid potential cracks.
- Aparatas: Although highly durable, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 requires specialized machining tools to ensure precise results.
The strength and hardness of the alloy make it more challenging to machine than lower-grade steels.
6. Heat Treatment of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6
Heat treatment plays a crucial role in achieving the desired mechanical properties in 1.6582/34CrNiMo6.
The common treatments include gesinimas ir grūdinimas, which enhance its stiprybė, kietumas, ir Tvirtumas.
Gesinimas ir grūdinimas:
- Gesinimas involves heating the steel to a high temperature (paprastai tarp 850° C ir 900 ° C.) and then rapidly cooling it in water or oil.
This process hardens the steel but makes it brittle. - Grūdinimas is performed after quenching to reduce brittleness and increase Tvirtumas.
Tempering is typically done at temperatures between 500°C and 650°C, depending on the desired balance of hardness and toughness.
Gesinimas ir grūdinimas
Terminio apdorojimo privalumai:
Heat treatment enhances 1.6582/34CrNiMo6’s atsparumas nusidėvėjimui ir Nuovargio atsparumas while maintaining ausmingumas.
Proper tempering ensures that the material remains durable under high-stress conditions without becoming too brittle.
7. Applications of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel
Due to its outstanding combination of mechanical properties, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is utilized across various demanding sectors where strength, Tvirtumas, and durability are non-negotiable.
- Power Transmission Gears: Ideal for use in pavaros subjected to high torque and impact.
- Power Transmission Shafts: Frequently used in velenai už Automobiliai ir Pramoninės programos where high Nuovargio atsparumas is needed.
Transmission Shafts - Connecting Rods: Utilized in internal combustion engines už connecting rods, where strength and wear resistance are crucial.
- Engineering Components: Commonly used in turbine shafts and other high-stress, Aukštos temperatūros komponentai.
- Heavy Machinery Shafts and Bolts: Serves as an essential material for Sunkiosios mašinos ir tvirtinimo detalės due to its durability under extreme operating conditions.
8. Advantages of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel
- Didelis stiprumas ir patvarumas: Lydinys tempimo stiprumas ir Poveikis kietumas ensure that it performs well in the harshest conditions.
- Improved Wear Resistance: 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 stands out for its resistance to surface wear and dilimas, todėl idealiai tinka high-wear components like gears and shafts.
- Universalumas: This alloy is adaptable for a wide range of industries, įskaitant Automobiliai, aviacijos ir kosmoso, ir energy production, proving its versatility.
- Ilgaamžiškumas: The ability to withstand high-stress environments ensures that components made from this alloy last longer, siūlymas ekonominis efektyvumas over time.
9. Comparison with Similar Alloys
Renkantis medžiagas aukštos kokybės programoms, it is important to consider how 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel stacks up against other similar alloys.
Several alloy steels have properties that overlap with 1.6582/34CrNiMo6,
but subtle differences in composition and heat treatment requirements can make one alloy more suited for specific applications than others.
Let’s compare 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 su 4340 lydinio plienas, 18CrNiMo7-6, ir 4140 lydinio plienas — all of which are commonly used in engineering, aviacijos ir kosmoso, ir automobilių taikomąsias programas.
4340 Alloy Steel vs 1.6582/34CrNiMo6
Chemical Composition Comparison:
- 4340 Lydinio plienas: Composed of 0.38-0.43% Anglies, 0.70-0.90% Manganas, 0.90-1.30% Nikelis, 0.20-0.30% Molibdenas, ir 0.15-0.25% Chromas.
- 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Contains 0.36-0.44% Anglies, 0.50-0.80% Manganas, 1.3-1.8% Nikelis, 0.2-0.3% Molibdenas, ir 0.9-1.2% Chromas.
Mechaninės savybės:
- 4340 Lydinio plienas: Known for Didelis tempimo stiprumas (aplinkui 930-1080 MPA) ir good fatigue strength. Tačiau, it has slightly lower fatigue resistance compared to 1.6582/34CrNiMo6.
- 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Offers comparable tempimo stiprumas (800-1000 MPA) but superior Nuovargio atsparumas due to its higher nickel content ir Chromas.
It excels in Poveikis kietumas under dynamic loading, making it more suitable for applications that experience constant stress cycles.
18CrNiMo7-6 vs 1.6582/34CrNiMo6
Chemical Composition Comparison:
- 18CrNiMo7-6: Contains 0.17-0.22% Anglies, 0.30-0.50% Manganas, 1.50-2.00% Nikelis, 0.90-1.20% Chromas, ir 0.20-0.30% Molibdenas.
- 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Contains 0.36-0.44% Anglies, 0.50-0.80% Manganas, 1.3-1.8% Nikelis, 0.2-0.3% Molibdenas, ir 0.9-1.2% Chromas.
Mechaninės savybės:
- 18CrNiMo7-6: Known for high core strength ir Poveikis kietumas, this alloy has an excellent balance of stiprybė ir ausmingumas, todėl idealiai tinka cold-working parts kaip pavaros ir velenai.
The lower carbon content enhances its suvirinamumas but lowers its kietumas compared to 1.6582/34CrNiMo6. - 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Offers superior atsparumas nusidėvėjimui ir fatigue strength, particularly under high-impact loads.
Its slightly higher carbon content contributes to greater hardness, though it might compromise suvirinamumas if not properly treated.
4140 Alloy Steel vs 1.6582/34CrNiMo6
Chemical Composition Comparison:
- 4140 Lydinio plienas: Contains 0.38-0.43% Anglies, 0.75-1.00% Manganas, 0.80-1.10% Chromas, ir 0.15-0.25% Molibdenas.
- 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Similar in composition with a slightly higher Nikelis turinys (1.3–1.8%) ir Manganas (0.50–0.80%).
Mechaninės savybės:
- 4140 Lydinio plienas: Exhibits good tensile strength (aplinkui 660-950 MPA) and is often used in applications requiring moderate strength ir Tvirtumas.
It is a well-rounded alloy known for its universalumas į apdirbimas ir suvirinamumas. - 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: While it shares some properties with 4140, it has better wear resistance, higher tensile strength, ir superior fatigue strength.
These advantages make it the better choice for parts exposed to dynamic loads, tokių kaip high-performance gears ir velenai.
Summary of Key Comparisons
| Nuosavybė | 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 | 4340 Lydinio plienas | 18CrNiMo7-6 | 4140 Lydinio plienas |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carbon Content | 0.36% - 0.44% | 0.38% - 0.43% | 0.17% - 0.22% | 0.38% - 0.43% |
| Nickel Content | 1.3% - 1.8% | 0.90% - 1.30% | 1.50% - 2.00% | 0.80% - 1.10% |
| Chromium Content | 0.9% - 1.2% | 0.90% - 1.30% | 0.90% - 1.20% | 0.80% - 1.10% |
| Molybdenum Content | 0.2% - 0.3% | 0.20% - 0.30% | 0.20% - 0.30% | 0.15% - 0.25% |
| Tempimo stiprumas | 800–1000 MPa | 930–1080 MPa | Didelė jėga, good toughness | 660–950 MPa |
| Nuovargio stiprumas | Viršininkas | Vidutinis | Didelė jėga, good fatigue resistance | Vidutinis |
| Poveikis kietumas | Puiku | Gerai | Gerai | Vidutinis |
| Paraiškos | Pavaros, velenai, Turbinos ašmenys | Alkūniniai velenai, pavaros, Turbinos ašmenys | Pavaros, velenai | Mašinos dalys, ašis, bolts |
10. Išvada
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel is a highly versatile, high-performance material suitable for demanding applications across industries.
Its superior tensile strength, Nuovargio atsparumas, and wear resistance make it ideal for components that must perform under extreme stress and harsh conditions.
Whether you are looking to create gears, velenai, or turbo machinery components, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 offers the reliability and long-lasting performance needed to meet industry standards.
If you’re looking for high-quality custom alloy steel products, choosing Tai is the perfect decision for your manufacturing needs.
