ʻO Titanium Magnetic?

1. Hōʻikeʻike

Titanium ua mālama ʻia ma ke ʻano he haʻahaʻa-magnetic-pane metala, ʻaʻole kahi mea magnetic ikaika.

Ma nā ʻatikala a ASM, ua wehewehe ʻia ka titanium paramagnetic iki, a me ka noiʻi MRI o NIST e hōʻike i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa pili no ka titanium, e pili ana μr ≈ 1.0002, kahi kokoke loa i ke ʻano o ke ākea a mamao loa mai nā mea ferromagnetic e like me ka hao.

ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka mea maʻamau hale kūʻai maʻamau ʻaʻole pili i ka titanium ma kekahi ʻano ʻike.

Ma nā ʻōlelo ʻenehana i kēlā me kēia lā, Manaʻo pinepine ʻia ka titanium "non-magnetic,” akā ʻo ka wehewehe ʻepekema ʻoi aku ka pololei ʻo ia wale nō nawaliwali loa ka pane magnetic.

2. He aha ka manaʻo o "Magnetic" i loko o ka ʻepekema Materials?

I ka ʻepekema waiwai, ʻAʻole hoʻokahi ʻano hoʻokahi ʻano hana magnetic.

ʻO nā metala paha ferromagnetic (hoihoi ikaika i nā magnet a hiki ke mālama i ka magnetization), Pamagnetic (huki nawaliwali), Oole homaini (kipaku nawaliwali).

He mea koʻikoʻi kēlā ʻokoʻa no ka mea ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka huaʻōlelo "magnetic" i ka ʻōlelo o kēlā me kēia lā.

ʻO kahi ʻāpana i ʻike ʻole ʻia i kahi magnet i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo non-magnetic, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ia kahi pane paramagnetic liʻiliʻi ma ka pae atomika. Hāʻule ka Titanium i kēlā ʻano.

3. ʻO Titanium Magnetic i ka hoʻohana maʻamau?

No nā hana maʻamau, ʻAʻole—ʻAʻole magnetic ka titanium ma ke ʻano maʻamau i manaʻo ʻia e ka poʻe.

ʻAʻole ia e like me ke kila kalapona, 'Eron, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ferritic he nui, ʻAʻole ia e hōʻike i ka huki ikaika a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻana o ka magnetic e pili ana i nā metala ferromagnetic.

ʻO kahi ala kūpono e hōʻuluʻulu ai ʻo ia kēia: Loaʻa i ka titanium kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi loa, liʻiliʻi loa i ka lawelawe maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he non-magnetic.

ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai ka titanium i nā noi kahi e hoʻemi ʻia ai ka hoʻopili magnetic, me nā kaiaola biomedical a me ka pololei.

Hōʻuluʻulu wikiwiki

4. Nā Pono Magnetic Intrinsic o ka Titanium Maʻemaʻe

Hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia ka titanium maʻemaʻe Pamagnetic ma mua o ka magnetic ma ke ano kila.

I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, hōʻike wale ia i kahi pane nāwaliwali loa i kahi kahua magnetic waho, liʻiliʻi loa no kahi magnet maʻamau e hana i ke ʻano o ka hopena "lāʻau" i ʻike ʻia me ka hao a i ʻole ke kila kalapona.

Ua ʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina maʻamau e pili ana i ka titanium maʻemaʻe kūʻai aku e piʻi iki ana kona ʻano paramagnetic susceptibility ma hope o ka hana anu nui-e pili ana i 2%,

e hōʻoia ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hana maʻamau i ka nui o ka pane me ka haʻahaʻa wale nō ma mua o ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka titanium i metala ikaika loa..

He aha kēia manaʻo ma nā ʻōlelo ʻenekinia

ʻO ka mea nui e hana ai ka titanium maʻemaʻe ʻaʻole e hana me he mea ferromagnetic.

ʻAʻole ia e mālama i ka magnetization, ʻAʻole ia e hōʻike i ka huki ikaika i nā magnet, a ʻaʻole like ia me ke kila magnetic i ka lawelawe ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā.

Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka papahele hale kūʻai, No laila, mālama ʻia ka titanium malie malie: hiki ke ana i ka microscopic susceptibility, akā, liʻiliʻi loa kēlā pane inā ʻaʻole paʻakikī loa ka noi.

Ka wehewehe pono

ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻole maʻamau ʻo ka huikau ʻana i ka "pane magnetic nāwaliwali" me "ka hana magnetic." Noho ʻo Titanium i ka māhele pane nāwaliwali.

Inā ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia kahi magnet i kahi ʻāpana titanium, ʻo nā mea mua e nānā ʻia he haumia, nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa, a i ʻole ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea i hui ʻia ma mua o ka manaʻo ʻana ua lilo ka titanium ponoʻī i ka magnetic.

ʻO ia ka manaʻo kūpono e kūlike me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka titanium.

5. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona Magnetic o nā Alloy Titanium maʻamau

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea hao titanium pāʻoihana e koe pono non-magnetic i ka hoʻohana maʻamau, akā hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki kā lākou pane magnetic ma muli o ka haku mele ʻana, ʻO ka mālama wela, ʻO ka hana anuanu, a me nā morstructure.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina hou Ti-6al-4v hōʻike ʻano paramagnetic, ʻoiai ua loaʻa kekahi pepa hoʻokolohua hoʻohuihui magnetism—paramagnetism me ka ferromagnetism nāwaliwali—ma Ti-6Al-4V, pili paha i Hui waiwai Fe a me nā hopena microstructural.

ʻO ia hoʻi, mamao loa ka ʻohana alloy mai ka “magnetic steel,” akā, ʻaʻole like ka pane mai kekahi laʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka mōʻaukala i kekahi.

ʻO ka hana huila maʻamau i ka nānā

No ke aha e ʻokoʻa ai ke ʻano o kekahi mau ala

ʻAʻole hoʻopuka ka latike titanium kumu i ka ferromagnetism ikaika, akā, ʻaʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā metala maʻemaʻe i nā mea pāʻoihana maoli.

Nā hoʻololi liʻiliʻi i ka kemika, oi aku ka noho ana o puʻupuʻu hao, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka pane ana.

He mea nui ke kaʻina hana moʻolelo: ʻO ka hana anuanu, ʻO ke kaumaha noho, a hiki i ka heterogeneity kūloko ke ho'ololi iki i ka ma'alahi.

6. ʻO nā mea nui e pili ana i ka hana Magnetic Titanium

Nawaliwali loa ka pane magnetic o Titanium, akā, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻomalu ʻia e ka hoʻololi hoʻokahi.

I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ʻo ka pane i ana ʻia ma muli o ke kemika alloy, maʻiʻo haumia, ʻO ka hana anuanu, Queech, moʻolelo annealing, mea waena, a me ka hoʻolālā kūloko e like me ka porosity.

ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai i ʻelua mau ʻāpana titanium i hana ʻia mai ka "māka hoʻokahi" ke hōʻike i nā ʻano magnetic ʻokoʻa inā ʻaʻole like kā lākou moʻolelo hoʻoili..

Kemika huila a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe

ʻO ka mea nui ka haku mele. Kokoke ka titanium maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe i ka paramagnetic maʻemaʻe, ʻoiai hiki ke hōʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana pāʻoihana i kahi pane paʻakikī iki.

Ma kahi haʻawina, ʻO ka titanium maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe he ʻano paramagnetic, akā ua hōʻike ʻo Ti-6Al-4V i ka ferromagnetism nāwaliwali i hoʻopili ʻia e nā mea kākau Hui waiwai Fe.

ʻO kekahi haʻawina titanium-alloy e ʻike i nā mea hoʻohuihui e like me CO, Lia, a me Ni hiki ke hana i ka magnetism i ka titanium, e komo pū ana me ka titanium/oxide interface.

He maʻalahi ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻenehana: inā ʻoi aku ka "magnetically" o ka titanium ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, ʻO ka nīnau mua ʻaʻole inā ua hoʻololi ʻia ka titanium i metala magnetic.

ʻO ka wehewehe ʻoi aʻe paha, aia i loko o kāna kemika nā mea a i ʻole nā ​​hui e hoʻokiʻekiʻe iki i ka pane magnetic.

Hana anu a kinai

ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mīkini kekahi mana nui.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina maʻamau o kahi alloy titanium kalepa piʻi ka maʻalahi me ka hana anu a me ke kinai ʻana, a ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka titanium maʻemaʻe ma hope o ka hana anuanu 2%.

No ka ʻoihana pāʻoihana i aʻo ʻia, hiki ke piʻi ma kahi o 4%.

ʻAʻole kēia manaʻo e hana ka hana anu i ka titanium magnetic i ke ʻano o kēlā me kēia lā.

'O ia ho'i, hiki ke ho'ololi 'ia ka nawaliwali o ka mea i ka wā i ho'ololi 'ia ai ke kino kīnā.

I nā'ōlelo'ē aʻe, hoʻololi ka deformation i ke ana, ʻaʻole ka hoʻohālikelike kumu o ka titanium ma ke ʻano he magnetic palupalu wale nō.

Annalile, kaumaha kaumaha, a me ke kaumaha o ka elemakule

Hiki ke ho'ohuli a ho'ololi hou i ka ho'oma'ama'a wela i kēlā mau hopena hana anu.

Ma ka haʻawina hoʻokahi, annealing loa anu-hana a pau kinai laana ma 300° C no 4 Nā hola hola ʻaneʻane hoʻopau i ka piʻi ʻana o ka susceptibility.

Ua hōʻike pū ʻia ka hōʻike e hiki i nā mea hoʻohālike māmā ke hōʻike i ka hana anomali ma hope o ka annealing, me ka hoʻonui hou ʻana a i ʻole ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela annealing, kahi i hoʻopili ai ka mea kākau ke kaumaha o ka elemakule.

ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ʻo ka mōʻaukala thermal kahi hana hoʻonohonoho waiwai no ka ikaika a i ʻole ka ductility.

Hoʻopili pū ia i ka pane magnetic ma ka hoʻomaha a hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi o loko.

No nā noi pololei, no laila hiki ke hilinaʻi nui ka ʻano magnetic hope i ka mālama ʻana i ka wela e like me ke koho ʻana i ka alloy.

Oxygen a me nā interstitial ʻē aʻe

He mea nui hoʻi ke kemika interstitial. Hōʻike ka hana ma ka titanium-oxygen interstitial alloys e hoʻololi ka ʻike o ka oxygen i ke kūlana uila a pili pū me nā loli i ka hiki.

ʻO ka laina like o ka noiʻi e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano anisotropic i ka ʻano e like me ka piʻi ʻana o ka oxygen, e hōʻike ana e hiki i nā interstitial ke hoʻololi i ka pane i ana ʻia ʻoiai ke noho mamao ka mea mai ka ferromagnetic..

I nā hua'ōlelo kūpono, ʻO ke ʻano o ka oxygen ʻaʻole ia he mea hoʻomalu ikaika i ka titanium; hiki ke kōkua pū i nā hoʻololi liʻiliʻi i ka hana magnetic.

ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻomaopopo mau ʻia ai ka "titanium" ma ke ʻano he ʻohana o nā mea me nā puka aniani kemika ʻē aʻe ma mua o kahi mea like ʻole..

Porosity a me ka hale kūkulu hale

He mea nui ka Geometry. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina o Ti-6Al-4V porous i ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia emi iho i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka porosity, a hiki i nā laʻana porous ke hōʻike i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mea paʻa.

I kēlā hihia, ka hale porous me 21.7% Potiwale hōʻike e pili ana i kahi 50% Kamona i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka Ti-6Al-4V paʻa.

He mea nui kēia no ka mea e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo ʻia ka hana magnetic e ke kemika wale nō. Hoʻololi ka hoʻolālā kūloko i ka pane ʻana o ka mea i kahi kahua.

No nā ʻāpana titanium me nā hale paʻakikī o loko, no laila hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka pane magnetic hope loa mai kēlā o nā mea i kālai ʻia ʻoiai ke ʻano like ka papa alloy..

7. ʻO nā manaʻo kuhihewa maʻamau no ka Titanium Magnetism

kuhi hewa 1: He diamagnetic loa ka Titanium

Hoʻopili ka nui o nā mea hana i ka titanium me ke keleawe.

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, Loaʻa i ka titanium nā electrons pili ʻole a pili i ka paramagnetism, ʻOiai ʻo ke keleawe me nā electrons i hui pū ʻia he diamagnetism maʻamau.

He ʻokoʻa loa nā mīkini magnetic ʻelua.

kuhi hewa 2: Hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka Titanium

ʻO nā metala ferromagnetic e like me ka hao hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe mau ʻia. ʻAʻohe o ka Titanium i nā kāʻei kapu magnetic a ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama i ka ikehu magnetic.

ʻOiai ma hope o ka magnetization lōʻihi i nā māla magnetic ikaika, nalo koke ka pane ʻumeke me ke koena magnetism.

kuhi hewa 3: ʻO ka uhi ʻana o ka titanium ʻeleʻele e lawe mai i ka magnetism

Anodized, pā, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana titanium i uhi ʻia i ke kalapona e hana pinepine i ka illusion magnetic nāwaliwali.

Hoʻomaka kēia magnetism mai ka uhi ʻana i nā mea haumia metala ma mua o ka titanium substrate.

ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka uhi uhi e hoʻihoʻi i nā hiʻohiʻona non-magnetic.

8. Nā Pōmaikaʻi ʻenekinia o ka waiwai ʻole o ka Titanium

ʻO ka hana macroscopic kokoke-nonmagnetic o Titanium i lilo i hoʻokahi o kāna mau waiwai ʻoihana waiwai, kākoʻo i nā ʻoihana kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe:

Olakino & ʻOihana mālama ola kino

Hoʻokomo ʻia ka titanium non-magnetic (iwi kui, ami hana, nā leka detal) ke kumu o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā kiʻi ma nā lako MRI.

ʻAʻole like me ke kila kila, ʻAʻole ka titanium i ka neʻe ʻana a me ka wela wela i loko o nā mīkini resonance magnetic nuklea, hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka maʻi.

AerERPPACE & Mea Uila Pono

ʻO nā pale hana Titanium no nā mea ʻike ukali a me nā mea hoʻokele mokulele e hoʻopau i ke keakea magnetic.

E hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana kona kūpaʻa magnetic i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka hōʻailona pololei o nā mea uila kiʻekiʻe.

Marine & ʻEnekinia Offshore

ʻO nā mea hoʻopili paipu titanium non-magnetic a me nā mea ʻili ʻili hohonu o ke kai e pale i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ke kahua magnetic i ka wai kai., ka pale ʻana i ke keʻakeʻa ʻana i nā mea hana ʻike magnetic moana.

Kekau & Lako Pahū

ʻAʻole e hoʻopuka ka titanium non-magnetic i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma lalo o ke kuʻi ʻana, kūpono no nā wahi hana kemika pahū a pahū.

9. Hoʻohālikelike: Titiani vs. Nā Metala ʻOihana maʻamau ʻē aʻe

Noho ʻo Titanium ma kahi kokoke i ka hopena "non-magnetic" o ka spectrum industrial-metal.

Ma nā ʻōlelo ʻenekinia hana, ʻike pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he non-magnetic no ka mea he nāwaliwali loa kāna pane ʻana i kahi māla magnetic.

10. Hopena

I ka hōʻuluʻuluʻana, ua wehewehe ʻia ka titanium ma ke ʻano he metala paramagnetic nāwaliwali, ma mua o ka ferromagnetic a i ʻole diamagnetic.

I ka pae atomic, Hāʻawi nā electrons 3d ʻole i ka titanium me nā manawa magnetic liʻiliʻi; macroscopically, nā manawa hoʻokaʻawale ʻole a me ka hoʻolālā aniani HCP paʻa offset magnetism, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia e nā magnet maʻamau me ke koena magnetism.

ʻO kāna paramagnetism nāwaliwali kū hoʻokahi e lawe mai i ka waiwai ʻenekinia hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi: ʻaʻohe hoʻopaʻapaʻa magnetic, Hoʻopili MRI, a me ka hana anti-magnetic spark.

Hoʻohui kēia mau mea maikaʻi i ke kūlana koʻikoʻi o ka titanium i ka implantation olakino, hoʻokele aerospace, ʻike kai, a me nā ʻoihana uila pololei.

 

FaqS

Hiki i ka magnet ke hoʻopili i ka titanium?

ʻAʻole maʻamau. ʻAʻole ferromagnetic ka Titanium, no laila, ʻaʻole e pili ka magnet maʻamau iā ia ma ke ʻano kūpono.

ʻAʻole loaʻa ka titanium?

ʻAʻole pololei. ʻO ka wehewehe ʻoi aku ka pololei ʻo ia ka titanium paramagnetic iki a loaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa.

Hiki i ka titanium ke nānā aku i ka magnetic ma muli o ka haumia?

ʻAe. Inā loaʻa i kahi ʻāpana titanium ka ferromagnetic contamination a i ʻole nā ​​mea metala hui ʻia, ʻoi aku paha ia ma mua o ka titanium maʻemaʻe.

ʻO ia ka manaʻo e kūlike me ka palapala e pili ana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka titanium a me ka remanence magnetic i ʻike ʻia i ka ferromagnetic stainless steel i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā alloys titanium..

No ke aha i hoʻohana ʻia ai ka titanium i nā noi pili MRI?

No ka haʻahaʻa loa o kāna pane magnetic, e hōʻemi ana i ka pilikia o ka pilina magnetic ikaika a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea artifact i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea ferromagnetic.