ʻO ka haleʻo Valve: Nāʻano, Hana & Noi

1. Hōʻikeʻike

A ʻO ka haleʻo Valve he laina, Ma luna / Off Valve i hoʻolālāʻia e wehe piha a wehe piha paha i ka kahe o ka wai ma o ka paila.

E hoʻolako ia i kahi'īpuka (a iʻole ka male) e neʻe ana i nā mea i hanaʻia i ke ala o ke kahe, hāʻawi i ka hana liʻiliʻi i ka wā e wehe piha ai a paʻa i ka wā e paniʻia ai.

ʻAʻole like me nā pale, ʻAʻole i manaʻoʻia nā helu helu no ke kaheʻana o ka kahe akā no nā pahuhopu maʻamau.

Hoʻomohala honua

Hele i ka puka Vace Vace Trace i hope i nā noi Steam mua i nā makahiki 1800.

E like me nā'ōnaehanaʻoihana i ulu i ka paʻakikī a me ke kāʻei, ʻO nā hale kūʻaiʻo Hate Empolved-mai nā kāhiko i nā'īlio a me nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia i nā hana a me nā hana ma waena o nā hana ma waena.

Hana i nā hana hana a me nā meaʻepekema i hiki i nā mea kūʻai aku i nā mea nui e like me nā mea ikaika loa (> 250 Bar) a me ke kiʻekiʻe (-196 ° C i 600 ° C), Ke lawelawe nei i kaʻaila & aila, Mana, a me nā hana kaulike.

2. He aha ka hale kūʻai?

A Gates roy he break-bod-bross-bross-off e hoʻohana ana i kahi'īpuka metala (a iʻole ka male) e kāohi i ka kahe wai.

I kona kūlana wehe piha, haʻalele ka puka mai ke ala o ke kahe, e hana ana i kahi pauku e like me ka diameter i ka pipeline i hānauʻia.

ʻO kēia "pololei pololei ma o ka" hoʻonohonohoʻana i ka hoʻopauʻana i ka kaheʻana a me ke kaumaha, Ke hana nei i ka puka o ka puka i kūpono i nā noi i kahi e pili ana i ka nui o ke kahe nui a me ka liʻiliʻi Δp he koʻikoʻi.

Hanaʻia nā helu helu i nā nui mai DN 10 (¾ ") i dn 2000 (80") a me nā papa ikaika e hoʻonui ana mai ka papa 125 (≈ 19 Bar) E piʻi i ka papa 2500 (≈ 413 Bar).

Nā hiʻohiʻona nui:

• Ma luna o / lawelawe wale nō: ʻAʻole i manaʻoʻia no ka'ā'ī; Hiki i nā stround stroukes ke kumu i ka noho noho noho.
• Bi-kuhikuhi kaʻawale: Hāʻawi i kahi hōʻailona kūlike e like me ke kaheʻana o ke kaheʻana a i lalo paha.
• Hōʻikeʻia kahi kūlanaʻike: Rising-senm a me Os&Y usigns eʻae i nā mea hana eʻike ai i kahi aniani inā wehe a paniʻia paha ka valve.

Koho O ka Hana

ʻO nā mechanics-a me nā papa noho

ʻO ka hanaʻana o kahi hale o ka hale kūʻai i hoʻokumuʻia ma ka pilina ma waena o ka'īpuka a me nā noho ma loko o ke kino Valve.

Ke paniʻia ka Valve, ʻO nā hale o ka puka a me nā noho e kū'ē i nā papa papaʻelua (noho mau noho) I ke kino Valve.

I nā hale hele wāwae, ʻO keʻano kūlike o ka puka o ka hale e kū pono ana i nā noho e like me ke neʻeʻana i lalo, Ke hana nei i kahi hōʻailona.

ʻO nā hale o keʻano e pili ana i keʻano o ke kaomi o ke kahe a iʻole kahi ikaika o waho e kaomi i ka puka e kū'ē i nā'īpuka.

Ke weheʻia ka Valve, Ua hāpaiʻia ka puka ma waho o ke ala kahe, eʻae ana i ka wai e hele ai ma waena o ka valve me ka hōʻemi liʻiliʻi.

Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka'ōhua

I ke kūlana wehe piha, Hāʻawi nā heluʻo Gate i kahi ala ākea pololei, hopena i kahi hāʻule haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

ʻO kēia ka mea kūpono iā lākou no nā noi kahi e mālama ai i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe me ka hōʻemi o kaʻoi aku ka nui, e like me nā paena lōʻihi lōʻihi.

Akā naʻe,, ʻAʻole kūpono nā helu helu o nā helu no nā noi.

I ka weheʻana, Hoʻokumu ka'īpuka i kahi'āpanaʻokoʻa no ka wai, hiki ke loaʻa i ke kahe nui, turbuglence, a me ka nui o ka lole ma luna o ka'īpuka a me nā noho.

Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka walaʻau, viguration, a me kahi winve wiwve burward. Ma ka hopena, Hoʻohana muaʻia nā helu helu ma ka lawelawe ma mua o ka lawelaweʻana ma mua o ka hoʻomau mauʻana i nā kumukūʻai.

3. Hoʻolālā a kūkulu i ka papa o ka puka

ʻO ka hilinaʻi a me ka lōʻihi o ka piko o ka'īpuka ma ka Hinge Hinge ma luna o ka hoʻolālā meticulous o kāna mau māhele, Nā Koho Hoʻolaha Kūʻai, a me nā hana kūpono kūpono.

Nā mea nui

Ke koho'Āina

ʻO ka koho koho ke alakaʻiʻia e ke kaomi, keka ao, ʻO ka chemistry wai, a me ke kumukuai. Aia ma lalo nei he hōʻuluʻulu o nā mea maʻamau a me kā lākou lawelawe lawelawe:

Hopena pālua (flanger, Nā Pōʻalima, Welding)

Flanger

ʻO nā piliona uila e pili ana i ka maʻamau o kaʻoihana no nā vale hou.

ʻO kēlā me kēiaʻano Valve e nānā i kahi pākuʻi, ʻO ka paleʻana i kēlā me kēia mau kāne i kahi flange e kūlike ana ma ka paila ma o nā bolts a me nā gaskets.

Hāʻawi kēia hoʻonohonoho i kahi hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe e hiki ai i nā koina kiʻekiʻe a me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻOiai eʻae ana i kaʻaeʻana i ka hoʻonohonohoʻana a me ka weheʻana no ka mālamaʻana a iʻole ka nānāʻana.

Nā Pōʻalima

Nā kihi i pau (wahine) a i waho paha (male male)-ʻO nā mea maʻamau ma nā Vamer-brosts (ma ka ≤ dn 50). Hāʻawi lākou, maʻalahi ka hanaʻana me ka ponoʻole o ka pono no nā gaskets a iʻole ka hoʻopiliʻana.

Akā naʻe,, Hoʻopiliʻia kā lākou lawelawe lawelawe: Hiki i nā piliona ke wehe i nā piliona a iʻole e neʻe i lalo o nā ukana cyclic, mahalaha loa, a iʻole nā ​​luna kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a no laila ke kūleʻaʻole no nā'ōnaehana koʻikoʻi a kiʻekiʻe paha.

Welded

E hoʻopau mau ana i ke kala i ka Valve i ka pipeline-ma o o ka pā-cecket-weck (no ka ≤ Dn 50) a iʻole i ka'ōpala (No nā nui nui).

Hoʻokumu kēiaʻano hana i kahi ikaika loa, ʻO Zero-Leak i kūpono kūpono no ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe, ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, a iʻole nā ​​lawelawe palekana-palekana.

ʻO ke kālepa kālepa-ka mālamaʻana: Pono pinepine ka hoʻoneʻeʻana i kaʻokiʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono houʻana i ka pipeline.

Nāʻano stom: rising vs. ʻO ka piʻiʻoleʻana; ma waho & noke (Os&Y)

Ala-sism vs. ʻO ka piʻiʻoleʻana

• Ke ala-kumu: E hana ke ala wikiwiki i ka puka, No laila e like me ka mea e wehe ai ka Valve i ka Stoem VisI mau loa ma luna o ka Bonnet.
  Hāʻawi kēia i kahi meaʻole, at-a-glance hōʻailona o ke kūlana valve i kūlana nui-waiwai i loko o nā hoʻonohonoho nui a iʻole kahi e pono ai nā loiloi kūlana rapid.
• ʻO ka piʻiʻoleʻana: ʻO ka'ōpala i kahi kiʻekiʻe paʻa a huli i loko o ka bonnet; neʻe ka puka i loko.
  ʻO kēia hoʻolālā hoʻohālikelike i kūpono i nā wahi i hoʻopaʻaʻia a iʻole ma luna o ka piping, Hoʻopau i nā hopohopo hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana a pale aku i ka lāʻau mai nā pilikia o waho.

Ma waho & Noke (Os&Y)

Os&ʻO Y mau kumuwaiwai he subttype o ka hoʻolālāʻana o ke alaloa e kū ana i nā kaula ākea e noho ana i waho, Kākoʻoʻia e kahi yoked yoke. Komo nā pono:

• Hoʻoliwa: E hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia nā kaula i hoʻopaʻaʻia a me ka lubricated, ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka paleʻana a me ka lubrication.
• Hōʻike i ka hōʻike kūlana: ʻO ka huakaʻi hele i hōʻikeʻia e pili ana i ke kūlana.
• Ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe: Maʻamau i kuhikuhiʻia no ka nui o ka nui a iʻole ka papa 600+ hoʻonohonoho ma kahi kūpono, He mea koʻikoʻi keʻanoʻikeʻoleʻia.

4. ʻO nāʻano a me nā papa o ka papa o ka hale kūʻai

Hoʻokumuʻia nā helu o nā helu i nā mea e hoʻopili ai i nā mea e pono ai e kūpono i ke kaomiʻana, keka ao, a me nā hiʻohiʻona media.

Hoʻokumuʻia ma ke kino a me ke hoʻolālā

ʻOkoʻa ka helu o nā helu helu ma ka geometry a kūkulu i kā lākou disc (Gates) A pehea e hoʻopili ai ka waha me nā noho kino.

Luhi (Rigid) Wedding Gate Valve

• Goody: Tuhu, Ua hanaʻiaʻo Teapeed i kahi pākuʻi me kahi kihi 3 ° -5 ° COne.
• Ke nānā nei i ka mīkini: Ua hoʻopiliʻia ka hoʻopiliʻana i nā metala-to-metal me keʻano o ka disc i hoʻopaʻaʻia i loko o nā wahi i hoʻopaʻaʻia.
• Nā ikaika:

• • ʻO ka hana kūʻokoʻa loa i ka lawelaweʻana i nā lawelawe ma waena.
  • ʻO ka hoʻolālā maʻalahi e hāʻawi i nā alahele liʻiliʻi o nā alahele liʻiliʻi a me ka uku haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa.

• PAHUI:

• • Hikiʻole i ka hoʻopaʻaʻana a iʻole ka jamming i ka wā e kū ana me ka hoʻonuiʻia o ka hana; Hiki i keʻano o ka torque ke kū i luna 30 %.
  • ʻAʻole kūpono no ka cycling pinepine.

ʻO ka hale o ka hale kūʻai

• Goody: Hoʻokahi'āpana'āpana me hoʻokahi a iʻole a iʻole nā'āpana axial (ʻO nāʻokiʻoki 1-2) aeʻae iā ia e flex e 0.5-1 mm.
• Ke nānā nei i ka mīkini: Mālamaʻo Tapered.
• Nā ikaika:

• • E hoʻonui pinepineʻia no ka hanaʻana i ka nohoʻana a iʻole ka hoʻowahāwahāʻana mai ka heleʻana (± 50 ° C).
  • Mālama i keʻano o ke koiʻana, E hōʻemi i nā mea hoʻolimalima i lalo o ka cycling cycling.

• PAHUI:

• • Nā mea kiʻekiʻe loa a me nā kumukūʻai makika (aneane 10-15 % premium ma luna o nā pāpale paʻa).
  • Pono e noʻonoʻoʻia ka momona flexural i nā noi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

Wehewehe (Pālua) Wedding Gate Valve

• Goody: ʻElua hapa kūʻokoʻa-disc e pili ana i ka pūnāwai, Pin, a iʻole ke koʻokoʻo.
• Ke nānā nei i ka mīkini: ʻO kēlā me kēia hapalua e komo kūʻokoʻa i kona noho, hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka metal metal-to-metal.
• Nā ikaika:

• • ʻO kaʻaihue o ka nohoʻana a me nā hana hewaʻole a hiki i 1 mm me ka hoʻopiʻiʻana i ke sila.
  • Kūpono no ka piʻi kiʻekiʻe (Helu 600-1500) a me nā wahi kiʻekiʻe e kiʻekiʻe ai kahi e noho ai nā kāne i nā kāne.

• PAHUI:

• • Hoʻonui nui i ka helu helu a me ka paʻakikī; Mālama i nā mea waiwai a me ka manawa mālama i hiki ke pāpālua.
  • Hōʻike nā puna wai a iʻole PIN i nā wahi e komo ai i nā wahi.

ʻO ka haleʻo Paterlel Slide

• Goody: Flat, ʻO ka maka o ka paralalel ma ka disc; ʻAʻohe Taiper Inherent.
• Ke nānā nei i ka mīkini: ʻO nā'ōkuhi waho a iʻole ke kaomiʻana i ke kaomiʻana i ka disc ma ka noho ma luna o ka noho ma lalo; ʻO ka poʻohiwi poʻohiwi e pale pinepine i ka huakaʻi.
• Nā ikaika:

• • ʻO ke kāʻei kaʻa kaʻa e noho ana ma ke alo o ke alo o kaʻaoʻao, E pili ana i ke kūlana puka, ho'ēmi i ke kaumaha a me ke kapa.
  • Pono kūpono no ka lawelaweʻana a iʻole nā ​​lawelawe slurry, E like me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i hōʻemi i ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka patchlecting.

• PAHUI:

• • Koi i nā lako hana auxiliary (nā puna wai a iʻole nā ​​pae kaulike), Hoʻohui i nā kumukūʻai a me nā ala kaʻa kaʻa.
  • Ke hele neiʻo Stalting Ingrity ma luna o ka pūnāwai o Spring a iʻole ka nui o ke koʻikoʻi; ʻaʻole paha e hōʻailona i nā koina haʻahaʻa loa.

Hoʻokumuʻia i nā helu o ka nui o ka mahana

Pono e kuhikuhiʻia nā helu helu e hoʻokūkū i ka nui o keʻano o ka hanaʻana a me ka mahana o ka'ōnaehana o ka'ōnaehana.

Nā Kūlana e wehewehe i nā "papa" a iʻole "nā helu" e hōʻoia ai i keʻano o ka ikaika o ke kumu kūʻai (Ka mea maʻamau 38 ° C), me ka hoʻopiliʻana i keʻano o keʻano o ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i keʻano ma mua o kēlā mea.

Ke kohoʻana i ka helu kūpono e hōʻoia palekana, ʻO ka hana lek-free ma lalo o nā kūlana lawelawe i manaʻoʻia.

Nā Kūlana Kūlana maʻamau

Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai kūikawā

ʻO nā awāwa o Cryogenic

• Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona: Nā bonnets i hoʻonuiʻia (a hiki i ka 2 × valle kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe) Ke paleʻana i ka paleʻana mai -196 ° C Changogen; nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (A351 Cf8m, Astm A182 F304L).
• 'Ikepili nui: Haalage ≤ 1 -10⁻7 m³ / s; Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Kūʻai Kūʻai 2 mm.
• E hoʻohana i nā hihia: Lng, ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana o kaʻoihana.

ʻO nā hale kūʻai home kiʻekiʻe

• Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona: Wc6 a iʻole crmo alloy kino, Nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi / metallic 600 ° C, Nā koho koho koho i kohoʻia.
• 'Ikepili nui: Ka ikaika velop ≥ 30 MPA a 550 ° C; noho noho leakage iv (≤ 0.1 % hiki) I nā papa kiʻekiʻe.
• E hoʻohana i nā hihia: Nā laina Steam, Nā Pūmana Pono Hou.

Hoʻokomoʻia a me nā varry-Service Valves

• Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona: ʻO nā hoʻokūkū paʻakikī (Nā'Ika'ī, WC-Covery), cemic / punging, ʻO nā apo wai mālama i ke ola ma lalo o hoʻokahi hola.
• 'Ikepili nui: Nā helu erosion < 0.05 MM / makahiki ma 10 M / s sl slfry velocity; ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ola > 5× ma mua.
• E hoʻohana i nā hihia: KAHIKI KUKULIA, pulp & Nā laina pepa pepa, wai wai-laden wai.

Corrosions-resistant / Nā kaula lilina

• Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona: PTFE / FEP LINEST i 3 mm mānoanoa, ʻO nā'āpana a me nā'āpana paha, ʻO ka paleʻelua-lip e mālama i nā mea kanu lāʻau.
• 'Ikepili nui: Kūlike me 98 % Holak₄, 50 % Naoh; lek rates ≤ 1 × 10 ⁻⁻ M³ / S.
• E hoʻohana i nā hihia: ʻO ACID / COURICS DOSING, Kauka lawelaweʻo Chorrine, Nā laina cip.

ʻO nā koho balota o nā hale kūʻai

• Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona: ʻO nā kikowaena kikowaena kūloko e like me ke kaomi ma waena o ka disc; Hoʻolālā nā kaulike kaulike e ho'ēmi i nā koina i paniʻia e nā mea e pili ana i ka 60-80 %.
• 'Ikepili nui: Ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka hanaʻana mai 5 000 Nm i 1 000 Nm ma ka dn 600 Papa hana 900 roy.
• E hoʻohana i nā hihia: ʻO nā manina wai nui o nā wai nui, Nā Pīhoihoi kiʻekiʻe hydrocarbon kiʻekiʻe.

5. ʻO ka hale o nā pāʻoihana hana maikaʻi

ʻO ka koho-Valve koho a me ka hoʻouluʻana i ka hinge ma luna oʻekolu mau metala: Ehia mau kahe (Cv a me ka haunaele),

Pehea lākou e hoʻokūkū ai (Palapala Hakage), a pehea ka nui o ka ikaika a iʻole ka torque e pono ai e hana iā lākou (nā koi kūpono).

Kaomiʻana a me ke kaheʻana o ke kaheʻana (Cv)

Ua lawa (Cv):

Weheweheʻia e like me ka helu o ka U.S. gall tausani (gpm) o ka wai ma 60 ° F e hele i loko o ka valve me a 1 spit stick drop.

Nā waiwai cv maʻamau:

Kaomiʻana:

Ua pihaʻo Gate Vatoves, No lailaʻaʻole lawa ka nui o ke poʻo (K) I ke kūlana ākea loa he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa 0.03-0.08.

ʻo kahi laʻana, a dn 100 ʻO Valve Passing 20 M³ / H o ka wai wai e hāʻawi ana ΔP ≈ 0.05 Bar. Nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka ikaika o ka ikehu a me nā kumukūʻai hana ma nā'ōnaehana pipeline nui.

ʻO nā uku hoʻolimalima a me nā papa paʻa

ʻO RENI / FCI 70-2 Lekage papa:

• Papa inoa iv-vi Hoʻohanaʻia nā Valves no nā lawelawe koʻikoʻi (E.g., Kākau e hoʻokaʻawale, ʻO nā wai wai).
• Kii 598 Hōʻailona:

• • Mānā Manaʻo: Hoʻopiliʻia ke kino valve i ka 1,5 × kākauʻia, ʻAʻohe Lekageʻaeʻia.
  • Hōʻike hōʻike: Ua paniʻo Valve i ke koiʻana (Eʻeʻaoʻao), Me ka leakageʻae i kēlā me kēia papa inoaʻo Ansi / FCI (wai a iʻole ka ea).

'Ōpala-noho. Noho-noho:

• Nā Sea ma nā nohoʻilihune (Ptfe, elastomers) pinepine pinepine i ka papa papa VI VI i nā wela haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (< 200 ° C).
• 'Aiwai Pūnaewele hilinaʻi ma luna o ka machino macise a me keʻano o ka laina e sila, ʻO ka papa maʻamau iv ma ka lawelawe kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe.

Ka hanaʻana i nā hana a me nā hana hana

• Hana hana (LandWheel):

• • Koiʻiaʻo Torene e hoʻonui me ka nui o ka valve, papa papa, a me ka paʻa paʻa.
  • ʻO nā maʻi Manumi:

• Nā mea hana manuahi:

• • E hāʻawi i ka mana kūpono a me ka torque a hiki i ~ 10 000 Nm no ka nui o nā vanime a iʻole nā ​​kumu kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
  • Nā hiʻohiʻona e komo i ka'ōlelo a keʻano / kūlana, ʻO ka wikiwiki wikiwiki, a hoʻohui pū me DCS / scada.

• Nā'Āina Pneauticatic:

• • E hoʻohana i ka hau (4-8) e holo i kahi piston a diaphragm a iʻole diaphragm, Ke hāʻawi nei i ka hana kiʻekiʻe a me nā lūlū a hiki i ke ~ 5 000 Nm.
  • Maʻamau i nā hoʻolālā paʻaʻole (Hoʻihoʻi) No ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i kahi pilikia.

• ʻO nā mea hana hydraulic:

• • E hana i ka wai i ka wai e hana ai e hana hou i nā'ōmaʻomaʻo kiʻekiʻe (5 000-20 000 Nm) a me ka wikiwiki wikiwiki ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi.
  • Koiʻia no ka mea mamao mamao a iʻole kaʻaila a iʻole ka mana o ka uila a iʻole ka mana o ka ea.

6. Nā noi ma waena o nāʻoihana

ʻO ka helu Velling 'Robust ma / a i waho, Bi-kuhikuhi hōʻailona, aʻo ka neʻeʻana o ka miner e pale aku iā lākou ma waena o kahi ākea ākea o nāʻoihana hana.

Pono & Aila

Lumi:

• Welopeʻona: Nā Valoko (Dn 50-dn 150; Helu 1500-2500) Hāʻawi i ke kūpono kūpono i ka lāʻau Kalikimaka a me Choke Manifolds, Hoʻopili lima lima i 345 ʻO ka lawelaweʻana a me ka lawelaweʻana (H₂S) Kūlike.
• Ke laweʻana i ka hoʻokele wai: Mau dn 25-dn 100 me nā disc decxible-maled regs reging regreed e hoʻi a mālama i nā pimp mai ke kua.

Alo Alohi:

• ʻO nā poloka pipeline: Breal-bore dn 600-dn 1200 Papa hana 600 ʻO nā valelate e hoʻokaʻawale i 20-50 km pipeline i nā'āpana no ka mālamaʻana a iʻole ka puaʻa.
  ʻOi aku ka nui o Valve CV 3 000 e hoʻokipa i nā kahe wai o ke aila 10 000 M³ / H.
• Nā kahua hoʻohālikelike & ʻO nā mea hoʻohana uila: Helu 900-1500 Valves Bystal Pipi (a i 100 Nā Kūlana / lā) a me ke kaulike mai -40 ° C (Kauina) i +50 ° C (kauwela).

Iho:

• Nā hui hana hoʻoponopono: ʻO nā papa o nā helu me nā trims corrosion-resistant (Wikiwiki c-276, Molol) hoʻokaʻawale i nā wela-wela (400 ° C) hana hou i nā mea hana a naphtha stabilizer.
• Nā Kūlana LNG: ʻO nā awāwa o Cryogenic (nā bonnets i hoʻonuiʻia, Nā koho noho mālie) Ke hana nei ma -162.

Mana pā'āʻu

Lawelawe lawelawe:

• Bioler isololle: Nā Valoko (Dn 100-dn 500; Helu 600-900; Wc6 / crish kino, kiʻi kiʻi) Hander 100-160 Bar Steam ma 520 ° C, Hāʻawi i ka palekana palekana-palekana i paniʻia no nā mea kanu burter.
• Turbine Binwa & Nā laina Drain: ʻO ka papa kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe 1500 ʻO nā Valves e hoʻopau i nā pūnaewele pili pono; E hana kokoke ana nā mea hana pneumatic kūpono ma lalo 5 kekona e pale ai i nā turbies i nā hanana huakaʻi.

Wai wai & Condensate:

• Hoʻololiʻoleʻia: Dn 300-dn 800 ʻO ka papa 150-300 i haoʻia a iʻole ka hao a iʻole nā ​​hale kūʻaiʻo Cardon-Steel-Steel 5 000-15 000 M³ / H i 25-40 ° C.
• Mālamaʻia: ʻO nā hale kūʻai e hoʻopau i nā kikowaena e hiki ai ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka cordens cund.

Wai a me ka mālamaʻana i ka wai

Raw wai kai:

• Hoʻohanohano kaʻahele: Ka nui-diameter (Dn 800-dn 2000) ʻO nā puka o Dutive-Wal i nā kahe nui o nā kahe 10 000-30 000 m³ / h mai reservarid, me nā papa 150-300 i luna a hiki i 16 Bar.
• ʻO ka walaʻauʻana: Dn 150-dn 400 Mālama nā valves i nā pumps multitage; ʻO nā koho restiente-noho i hāʻawiʻia e hāʻawi i ka papa VI i paniʻia e pale ai i keʻano.

Hoʻoiliʻana & Kami-:

• Nā laina sludge: Hoʻokomoʻiaʻo Abrasion-resistant (ʻO nā mea nui) i dn 100-dn 300 ʻO nā Valves e hoʻopau i nā slurries me 10-30 % nā solids a me nā velocities a hiki i 3 m / s.
• Uv theinfulful: Dn 50-dn 150 pale-lined (Pvc / cpvc) ʻO nā helu o nā helu e pale ana i ka chlorine a me Uv kukui coolant i nā wela i nā wela ambied.

Ke kemika a me ke kaʻina hana

Nā lawelawe'ō'ō:

• ʻO ACID / Alkali Liles: Nā Vite-LTFE-Lidgete Valves (Dn 15-dn 200; PN 16–PN 40) kaʻIseraʻela i paʻa 98 % H₂SO₄ a 50 % Naoh at 80 ° C, hoʻokō i nā rates ≤ ≤ 1 × 10-M³ / S.
• Chorrine & Clousulfoninic acid: Wikiwikiʻo Hontelloy C-276 i kāwele a me ka pālua o ka pappack pālua e mālama pono ai 120 ° C a 20 Bar.

Nā Hana Hona:

• E hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea hānai: ʻO ka papaʻaina-kila 600 ʻO nā awāwa e hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea hānai c₄ / c₅ hānai i nā mea hou 200 ° C, Ke ho'ēmiʻana i nā leakage vapor a me nā emissions kūlohelohe.
• ʻO nā hui Regeration Glycol: ʻO ka papaʻaina Flexible 300 nā awāwa i dn 50-dn 150 Kāohi 200 ° C BILL GLYCOL me nā mea i hoʻopiliʻia.

7. Loaʻa & Loaʻa nā hemahema o nā awāwa o nā hale

Loaʻa

• ʻO ka hōʻemi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa
  Ke wehe piha, ʻO ka puka e hoʻihoʻi piha loa, Ke hāʻawi nei i kahi ala pololei ma waena o ke ala o ke kahe me nā mea e lilo ai i nā coefficices poʻo poʻo e like me ka haʻahaʻa e like me ka 0.03-0.08.
  Ua unuhi kēia i nā meaʻoleʻole ΔP, ʻO ka hōʻemiʻana i ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i ka ikehu a me nā uku hana i nā'ōnaehana kiʻekiʻe.
• Maikaʻi, Bi-kuhikuhi pani
  Nā lā hele wāwae (luhi, maʻalahi a hoʻokaʻawale paha) E hoʻoulu i ka mīkini uila
  e hoʻonui ana i ka paʻakikī o ka laina, Ke hāʻawi nei i ka REI / FCI papa IV-VI i ka nui o nā papa hanaʻelua i ka hana palekana i ka wā palekana a iʻole nā ​​pilikia.
• ʻO ka commutibility ākea ākea
  Loaʻa i nā mea i loaʻa mai i ka hao hao a me ka carbon solel i ka fuclex a me nā alloys kūikawā, ʻO nā hale kūʻai hale kūʻai hale e noho ai, nā lāʻau, a me nā slurries ma waena o kahi ākea ākea ākea (-196 ° C i +600 ° C).
• Ka nui a me ka helu
  Hanaʻia mai dn 10 i dn 2000 a me ka papa inoa ansI 150 ʻAi 2500 (a i ole pn 6-pn 40), ʻO nā hale kūʻai waiwai e kūpono i nā mea āpau mai nā laina liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e lilo i ka nui o nā pale.
• Durability & ʻO ke kumukūʻai ola haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa
  Me nā kikowaena maʻalahi (8-12 mau'āpana nui), Hoʻopau i nā hoʻopau no ka maʻalahi, a me nā noho hoʻololi,
  Hiki keʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kūʻai aku 20 mau makahiki o ka lawelawe ma loko o nā kuleana kūponoʻole.

Loaʻa nā hemahema

• ʻAʻole i manaʻo no ka pauʻana o ka neʻeʻana
  ʻO ka wehe'āpana e hana ai i kahi slow slow i ka wai e hoʻopau ai i ka wai, e pili ana i ka turbuglence, viguration, a me ka nohoʻana o ka nohoʻana / Gace erosion-cv hiki ke hāʻule i luna o 30 % Ma hope o nāʻano hope hope loa.
• Hana lohi & Loko awa nui
  Hiki i nā Vitice nui a kiʻekiʻe paha nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a iʻole 20-60 e huli i ka stroke, aʻo ka paniʻana i ka hale noho e hiki keʻoi aku ma mua o kekahi mau tausani NM-pono pono i nā mea hana a iʻole nā ​​mea hana i nā mea hana a iʻole ka hana mamao.
• Kuhi wāwae nui
  Nui loa i ka piʻiʻana-senm a iʻole os&Y kumu kau, Ua noiʻo Gate Valling i ke koina ikaika nui (a i 400 Makau MM STET) a hiki ke kaupaona ma luna o ka tonne i dn ≥ 600 MM KA LOA, ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā koi kākoʻo kākoʻo.
• ʻO ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe no nā hoʻolālā kūikawā
  Nā'Ānela kūikawā, ʻO ka male a me ka male a iʻole nā ​​trill-male, a me nā noho kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (palupalu a metala paha) kauoha i nā uku o 10-30 % ma luna o nāʻano maʻalahi, ʻOiai e haʻalele pinepineʻia e ka hōʻemiʻana i ka mālamaʻana a me ke ola o ka lawelawe.

8. Hoʻopiha, Ka hana, a me ka mālama

Hoʻopiha & AliKu

• Nānā & Kaniona: E hōʻoia i ka Vent Vent a me nā internals i hōʻinoʻia a maʻemaʻe hoʻi. E hoʻouka me ke kaheʻana o ka pua i ke kuhikuhiʻana i ke ala pipeline.
• Nā hoʻopauʻia: Ua hanaʻo Align i ka pala (< 0.5 mm), E hoʻohana i kahi kumu criss-cross torisy ma luna o nā bolts.
• Ua hoʻopauʻia nā mea kanu / hoʻopauʻia: E hoʻopili i nā'āpana kūpono ma nā kaula; Hoʻokomoʻia nā mea i hōʻoiaʻia no nā mea kanu no nā'āpana he nui.
• Kākoʻo: Brace piping kokoke i ke awāwa (I loko o 1-1.5 × Vsalve diameter) I mea e pale ai i ke kaumaha kino a me ka hana kolohe.

Hoʻomaka, Paniʻia & Ke kuahi o

• Lohi lohi: Wehe / kokoke i 1-2 mau minuke (nāʻiʻo liʻiliʻi) a iʻole 3-5 mau minuke (nui) Hōʻalo i ka wai hammer a me nā hopena noho.
• Piha piha wale nō: Hana paʻa mau i nā puka puka paʻa i weheʻia a paniʻoleʻia paha. NO KA HANA HOOPONOPONO, E hoʻokomo i kahi uila a iʻole ka mana o ka valve i nā series.
• Hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻoikaika: Ma nā laina kiʻekiʻe, E hoʻohana i kahi Bypass a iʻole ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i ka Valve i ke kaulike ma mua o ka cycling.

Nānā & Pilikia

• Nā nānāʻike: Ke nānā aku nei no nā leʻa no ka paleʻana, bontnet, a pau.
• Ka nānāʻana: Hoʻomaopopo > 10 % hoʻonui i ka laweʻana i ka noho noho, pākū, a iʻole corrosione.
• Lawelawe lawelawe: ʻO Retorque Gland Naits e koho; Hoʻopili i ka paʻiʻana i ka hōʻailona mua o ka nānāʻana a iʻole ka hoʻohewa.
• Nā hoʻoholo maʻamau:

• • Andivage: Nā wāwae a iʻole nā ​​noho mīkini; Hoʻomaha hou hou i nā kiʻi.
  • Ke nānā nei i ka puka: Flush debris, cycle valve, e nānā no ka corrosion.
  • Loko awa nui: Hoʻomaʻemaʻe / lula; ʻO nā noho maoli a iʻole ke hoʻololi i nā'āpana lole.

ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ke ola & Kūlia

• Kumukūʻai kumukūʻai: Kūʻai mua 40%, Auua 10%, mālama ' 30%, haiiaiai 20%.
• Lōʻihi & Roi: ʻOiai ke kiʻekiʻe aʻe nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, ʻO nā mea i koho pinepineʻia i nā wahi hou i hōʻike pinepineʻia ma luna o 15-20 mau makahiki ma kahi o 15-20 mau makahiki ma ka lawelaweʻana i ka lawelaweʻana a me nā mea mālama ponoʻole.

9. Kūlā, Nā Kāpepa & Hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana

Hoʻolālāʻo Gate-Valve, hana hewa, Manaʻo, a me nā palapala e pili ana i kaʻikeʻana i nā kūlana a me nā lula e hōʻoia i ka palekana, kūlia, a me ka hoʻoponopono kānāwai.

Nā Kūlana International

• Asme b16.34 "nā hualoaʻa, Nā Pōʻalima, a well well "
  E wehewehe i nā helu helu helu likeʻole, mea waiwai, Nā 'Youlelo'Āina, aiko, Makana, a me nā koi koi no ka'īpuka (a me kekahi) nā awāwa i nā papa 150-2500.
• Kii 600 "ʻO nā hale kūʻaiʻo Steel Gate Valves
  E wehewehe i nā pono no ke metala-noho, Bolted-BONTNET CHEEEL GATE VALT VALKS i hoʻohanaʻia i ka aila, aila, a me ka lawelaweʻo Petrochemical Service, komo me nā kumuwaiwai, Hoʻolālā, nānā, a me ka ho'āʻoʻana.
• Iso 5208 "ʻO nā kumukūʻai o nā mea kūʻai aku
  Kāleka hoʻomaʻamaʻa'Iha, noho, a me nā'ōnaehana hōʻike bayseat aʻaeʻae i nā uku hoʻolimalima no nā papa Valve Valve (A-F), e hōʻoia ana i ka hōʻoiaʻana i ka honua.

Haewa & Kāke wonamea

• Ped (2014/68/EU)
  ʻO nā mea e pono ai nā mea e pono ai nā mea e loaʻa ana i nā koina palekana e pono ai, Nā kaʻina hana loiloi, a ce hōʻailona no nā mea hana i hoʻopiliʻia ma luna 0.5 Bar, komo pū me nā awāwa.
• Asme b31.3 "E hoʻonohonoho i ka paipai"
  HoʻolālāʻOihana Toverns, huahuai, Kāhea, a me ka nānāʻana o nā'ōnaehana piping i ke kamika, petroleum, a me nāʻoihana pili pū; Nā Kūlana Kūʻai Valve no ka hoʻoikaika kino a me keʻano kūpono.
• API 6D "piko paila"
  Hoʻopili i ka hoʻopiʻiʻana, Manaʻo, a me nā palapala no nā mea kūʻai aku i hoʻohanaʻia ma ka laweʻana i ka pipeline o ka aila, aila, ko na hydrocarbons, Me nā koi hou no nā mea hoʻopiʻi fugitive a me ka ho'āʻoʻana.
• Nace Mr0175 / Iso 15156
  E wehewehe ana i nā mea waiwai a me nā corrosioni e hoʻopili no ka lawelawe kumu (Nā Pūnaewele H₂S), ʻO ka hāʻawiʻiaʻana o nā mea i kohoʻia a me nā palena paʻakikī e pale ai i ke kīwī koʻikoʻi sulfide.

10. Hoʻohālikelike me nā valves'ē aʻe

11. Hopena

Noho mau nā helu helu i nā mea kūʻai aku ma keʻano o ka honua holoʻokoʻa ma muli o kā lākou kūkuluʻana, paʻa paʻa paʻa paʻa, a me keʻanoʻole ma mua o ke kumu a me keʻano kūpono.

Ma ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i nā poʻe hoʻolālā, koho koho, a me ka mālama ponoʻana i nā hana maikaʻi loa-a me ka hoʻopiliʻana i nāʻoihanaʻoihana-ʻenehana e hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hana ma Valve.

E like me ka hoʻohuiʻana o Digital, mea kūʻai holomua, a me ka hoʻohui hoʻohui e hoʻopau ai i kaʻoihana, E hoʻomau mau ka hale o ka hale, underpinning i ka hanauna hou o ka palekana, lawa, a me nā'ōnaehana hana kūpono.

ʻO kēia: ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku kiʻekiʻe loa

ʻO kēia he mea lawelawe kūikawā no nā lawelawe kūʻai kūʻai, e hāʻawi ana i nā'āpana hana kiʻekiʻe no nāʻoihana e pono ai ke koi, Ke hoʻoikaika ikaika, a me ka pololei o ka dimensional.

Mai nā hale o nā mea hoʻokele i nā kino o nā kino machin, ʻO kēia Hāʻawi i nā hoʻololi o nā hopena hope e hoʻopau i nā hopena o nā mea e hoʻokō ai i nā kūlana honua olakino.

ʻO kā mākou Valve Casting Exptory:

Kāhaka kūʻai kūʻai No nā kino Valve & Trim

Hoʻohana i nāʻenehana casting was i hala e hana i nā geomet o nā geomet i loko o ka geomet.

Sand cread & Nā pāpale pīpī pale

Kūpono no ka medium i nā kino nui nui, flanges, a me nā bonnets-hāʻawi i kahi hopena kūpono-kūpono no nā noi pili pili, me ka aila & ʻO ka hanauna a me keʻano.

Ma ka hana pololei no ka bolve kūpono & Seal ingrity

Cnc iching o na noho, KauwaiHua, a me nā hōʻailona hōʻailona e hōʻoia i kēlā me kēia'āpana i huiʻia a me nā koiʻana a me ka hōʻailonaʻana i nā pono hana.

Nā Kūlana Kūʻai no nā noi koʻikoʻi

Mai nā mea kanu lāʻau (Cf8m, Cf3m) e duplex a me ke kiʻekiʻe-alyy, ʻO kēia hoʻolako i nā hale kūʻai kūʻai kūʻai i kūkuluʻia e hana i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana, ikaika nui, a iʻole nā ​​wahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

Inā makemakeʻoe e koi i nā Vilves Engine maʻamau, Nā Valoko, E nānā i nā Valves, a iʻole ka hana kiʻekiʻe o nā hale kūʻai kūʻai kūʻai, ʻO kēia ʻO kāu hoa hilinaʻi no ka hemolele, durability, a me ka hōʻoia maikaʻi.