1. Увођење
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is a robust легура челика known for its exceptional mechanical properties and versatility across demanding industries.
This steel grade is designed to meet the rigorous demands of sectors where high performance, издржљивост, and reliability are crucial.
With its combination of хром (ЦР), никл (У), и молибден (Мо), 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 excels in отпорност на умор, impact strength, и отпорност на корозију.
As industries continue to push for materials that offer both performance and longevity, легура челика like 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 are gaining increasing importance.
Од ваздухопловство и automotive manufacturing до енергија и машинерија, this material is integral in producing critical components that operate under stress.
У овом блогу, we will explore the essential својства, апликације, and benefits of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6,
offering a comprehensive overview of why this alloy is preferred in various high-performance applications.
2. What is 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel?
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is a medium-carbon, легура челика commonly used for manufacturing high-strength components that demand both toughness and wear resistance.
The steel is primarily composed of угљеник (Ц), хром (ЦР), никл (У), и молибден (Мо), each contributing to distinct qualities such as Очвршљивост, отпорност, и отпорност на корозију.
Хемијски састав:
- Угљеник (Ц): 0.36% - 0.44%
Carbon is a fundamental element in determining the hardness and strength of steel.
In 1.6582/34CrNiMo6, the carbon content is moderate, which provides a balance between снага и дуктилност,
making the alloy suitable for components that need to withstand high loads without becoming brittle. - Хром (ЦР): 0.9% - 1.2%
Chromium is a crucial element in enhancing отпорност на корозију и тврдоћа.
It promotes the formation of a Заштитни оксидни слој on the surface, which prevents corrosion in environments that may otherwise degrade the material.
Chromium also improves Очвршљивост, allowing the steel to harden more effectively during heat treatment. - Никл (У): 1.3% - 1.8%
Nickel is responsible for enhancing the жилавост и low-temperature performance of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6.
It also increases снага, making the steel more resistant to fracture under impact.
Додатно, nickel contributes to improved отпорност на пузање и high-temperature stability. -
Молибден (Мо): 0.2% - 0.3%
Molybdenum plays a critical role in improving the high-temperature strength и отпорност на пузање легура.
It also enhances the steel’s отпорност на корозију, посебно у оштром окружењима.
Molybdenum is also known for refining the steel’s grain structure, which contributes to overall strength and toughness. - Манган (Мн): 0.5% - 0.8%
Manganese aids in deoxidizing the steel during production and helps improve тврдоћа и снага.
It also contributes to improving the жилавост of the alloy and enhances its ability to resist impact и носити. - Силицијум (И): 0.2% - 0.35%
Silicon is primarily used as a деоксидизер in the production process and contributes to improving the снага челика.
It also aids in тврдоћа, making the steel more resistant to wear and surface degradation. -
Фосфор (П): ≤ 0.035%
Фосфор, in low quantities, can increase снага и тврдоћа. Међутим, excessive amounts can lead to embrittlement и смањена жилавост.
For 1.6582/34CrNiMo6, the phosphorus content is carefully controlled to maintain a balance between strength and ductility. - Сумпорни (С): ≤ 0.035%
Like phosphorus, sulfur can improve обрада, but excessive sulfur content can negatively impact the жилавост и дуктилност челика.
For high-quality steel, the sulfur content is minimized to ensure optimal mechanical properties. - Остали елементи:
-
- Ванадијум (У) и Борон (Б) are sometimes added in trace amounts to further refine the grain structure и побољшати каљење.
- Бакар (Цу) may also be present in small quantities, enhancing отпорност на корозију и снага.
Summary of Chemical Composition:
Елемент |
Composition Range |
|---|---|
| Угљеник (Ц) | 0.36% - 0.44% |
| Хром (ЦР) | 0.9% - 1.2% |
| Никл (У) | 1.3% - 1.8% |
| Молибден (Мо) | 0.2% - 0.3% |
| Манган (Мн) | 0.5% - 0.8% |
Силицијум (И) |
0.2% - 0.35% |
| Фосфор (П) | ≤ 0.035% |
| Сумпорни (С) | ≤ 0.035% |
| Others | Trace amounts of Ванадијум, Борон, Бакар, итд. |
Understanding the Nomenclature:
The code “1.6582” is a DIN classification that indicates the steel’s material type, while “34CrNiMo6” refers to its key alloying elements: хром, никл, и молибден.
This nomenclature helps identify the alloy’s intended use and composition.
3. Physical Properties of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel
The physical properties of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel are critical in determining its suitability for demanding engineering applications.
These properties are largely influenced by the alloying elements, као што су хром, никл, и молибден, which are specifically chosen to optimize performance in various conditions.
Below are the key physical properties of this steel:
Густина
- Густина: Приближно 7.85 Г / цм³
The density of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is typical for carbon and low-alloy steels.
The relatively high density contributes to the material’s ability to withstand high loads and stresses without significant deformation,
which is essential for parts used in heavy machinery or high-performance automotive applications.
Тачка топљења
- Тачка топљења:1425 – 1510°C (2597 – 2750°F)
The melting point of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is relatively high, which ensures that it can withstand high temperatures during manufacturing processes, such as forging and heat treatment.
This makes the steel suitable for components subjected to elevated operational temperatures, like turbine blades and crankshafts.
Термално ширење
- Коефицијент топлотне експанзије:11.8 × 10⁻⁶ / ° Ц (6.56 × 10⁻⁶/°F)
The coefficient of thermal expansion indicates how much the material expands with increasing temperature.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 has a moderate coefficient, which helps maintain dimensional stability during heating and cooling cycles in high-temperature applications.
This property is important for parts that must fit precisely under varying thermal conditions.
Топлотна проводљивост
- Топлотна проводљивост: Приближно 45 В / м · к
The thermal conductivity of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is moderate, which means it has a moderate ability to transfer heat.
This property is beneficial for components used in power generation and automotive engines, where heat dissipation is essential but excessive conductivity could lead to heat-related failures.
Електрична проводљивост
- Електрична проводљивост: Relatively low compared to non-alloy steels
Like most steels, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is a poor conductor of electricity.
This low electrical conductivity is generally advantageous in applications where insulation or low conductivity is needed,
such as in structural components that don’t interact with electrical systems.
Специфични топлотни капацитет
- Специфични топлотни капацитет: Приближно 0.46 J/g·°C
The specific heat capacity of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is typical for alloy steels, indicating how much heat is required to raise the temperature of a given mass of material.
This property is important in applications where thermal cycles are involved, such as in engine components or power transmission parts,
as it determines how much heat the material can absorb and store before changing temperature.
Summary of Physical Properties
| Имовина | Вредност |
|---|---|
| Густина | 7.85 Г / цм³ |
| Тачка топљења | 1425 – 1510°C (2597 – 2750°F) |
| Термално ширење | 11.8 × 10⁻⁶ / ° Ц (6.56 × 10⁻⁶/°F) |
| Топлотна проводљивост | 45 В / м · к |
| Електрична проводљивост | Низак |
| Специфични топлотни капацитет | 0.46 J/g·°C |
4. Mechanical Properties of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel
Тхе механичка својства of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel are a critical aspect of its performance in demanding applications.
This steel is known for its excellent снага, жилавост, и отпорност на умор, which makes it ideal for components that undergo high levels of stress, утицај, и носити.
The following is a breakdown of the alloy’s key mechanical properties:
Затезна чврстоћа
- Затезна чврстоћа (Утс): 800–1000 MPa
The tensile strength of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is a measure of the maximum stress the steel can withstand before breaking.
With a tensile strength range of 800 до 1000 МПА, this alloy is highly capable of enduring significant mechanical stress without failure,
making it ideal for high-load-bearing applications such as зупчаници, шахтови, и Цранксхафттс.
Снага приноса
- Снага приноса (0.2% Прооф Стрес): 550–750 MPa
Yield strength is the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 has an excellent yield strength range of 550 до 750 МПА, which allows it to maintain its shape under applied loads and ensures minimal plastic deformation,
чинећи га погодним за high-stress applications попут Аутомобилске компоненте и Тешка машина.
Тврдоћа
- Тврдоћа (Роцквелл Ц): 28–34 HRC
The hardness of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is typically measured using the Роцквелл Ц скала (ХРЦ).
After quenching and tempering, it falls within the range of 28–34 HRC, offering excellent отпорност на хабање и Отпорност на абразију.
This hardness makes it ideal for parts that require a strong, durable surface, као што је зупчаници, bearing components, и transmission parts.
Жилавост
- Жилавост (Цхарпи В-Бетцх): ≥ 30 Ј (На собној температури)
Impact toughness refers to the material’s ability to absorb energy during dynamic loading или shock.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 exhibits excellent impact toughness, making it suitable for applications
where the material is exposed to sudden forces or vibrations, као што је унутра automotive crankshafts и turbine shafts.
The material’s ability to withstand shock loads without fracturing is crucial in heavy-duty machinery.
Снага умор
- Снага умор: ≥ 300 МПА (at 10⁶ cycles)
Fatigue strength is an important property for components subjected to cyclic loads.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 provides excellent отпорност на умор, ensuring that parts such as зупчаници и шахтови can withstand repeated loading cycles without cracking or failing.
This is vital in applications where components experience continuous or fluctuating stress over time, као што је унутра automotive engines и aerospace parts.
Издужење
- Издужење (у 50 mm gauge length): ≥ 15%
Elongation is a measure of a material’s ability to stretch before breaking, and it indicates дуктилност.
With an elongation of 15%, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 demonstrates good дуктилност, meaning it can deform under stress without cracking.
This property is beneficial for parts that need to absorb stress and still maintain their integrity under high-impact conditions.
Модул еластичности
- Модул еластичности (Иоунг'с Модул): 210 ГПА
The modulus of elasticity measures the material’s stiffness and its ability to return to its original shape after deformation.
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 has a relatively high modulus of elasticity, which means it resists deformation when subjected to applied loads.
This stiffness makes it suitable for structural components that need to maintain shape and performance under heavy loading.
Поиссонов омјер
- Поиссонов омјер: 0.29
Poisson’s ratio describes the material’s response to deformation in one direction when stretched in another.
With a Poisson’s ratio of 0.29, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 strikes a balance between снага и дуктилност,
чинећи га идеалним за употребу у high-load components that must resist distortion under stress.
Summary of Mechanical Properties
| Имовина | Вредност |
|---|---|
| Затезна чврстоћа (Утс) | 800–1000 MPa |
| Снага приноса (0.2% Прооф Стрес) | 550–750 MPa |
| Тврдоћа (Роцквелл Ц) | 28–34 HRC |
| Жилавост (Цхарпи) | ≥ 30 Ј (На собној температури) |
| Снага умор | ≥ 300 МПА (at 10⁶ cycles) |
| Издужење (у 50 мм) | ≥ 15% |
| Модул еластичности | 210 ГПА |
| Поиссонов омјер | 0.29 |
5. Other properties of 6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel
Термална својства:
- Отпорност на топлоту: 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 maintains its mechanical properties even at elevated temperatures,
making it suitable for high-temperature applications such as automotive engines и Младе за турбине. - Отпорност на корозију: While it is not as resistant as stainless steel, the alloy demonstrates побољшана отпорност на корозију
when exposed to mild corrosive environments due to the presence of хром и молибден.
Weldability and Machinability:
- Завабилност: The alloy has добра завариваност, although proper preheating and heat treatment after welding is necessary to avoid potential cracks.
- Обрада: Although highly durable, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 requires specialized machining tools to ensure precise results.
The strength and hardness of the alloy make it more challenging to machine than lower-grade steels.
6. Heat Treatment of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6
Heat treatment plays a crucial role in achieving the desired mechanical properties in 1.6582/34CrNiMo6.
The common treatments include гашење и каљење, which enhance its снага, тврдоћа, и жилавост.
Гашење и каљење:
- Гашење involves heating the steel to a high temperature (типично између 850°C and 900°C) and then rapidly cooling it in water or oil.
This process hardens the steel but makes it brittle. - Ублажавање is performed after quenching to reduce brittleness and increase жилавост.
Tempering is typically done at temperatures between 500°C and 650°C, depending on the desired balance of hardness and toughness.
Гашење и каљење
Benefits of Heat Treatment:
Heat treatment enhances 1.6582/34CrNiMo6’s отпорност на хабање и отпорност на умор while maintaining дуктилност.
Proper tempering ensures that the material remains durable under high-stress conditions without becoming too brittle.
7. Applications of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel
Due to its outstanding combination of mechanical properties, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 is utilized across various demanding sectors where strength, жилавост, and durability are non-negotiable.
- Power Transmission Gears: Ideal for use in зупчаници subjected to high torque and impact.
- Power Transmission Shafts: Frequently used in шахтови за аутомотиве и Индустријске апликације where high отпорност на умор is needed.
Transmission Shafts - Connecting Rods: Utilized in internal combustion engines за Повезивање шипки, where strength and wear resistance are crucial.
- Engineering Components: Commonly used in turbine shafts and other high-stress, high-temperature components.
- Heavy Machinery Shafts and Bolts: Serves as an essential material for Тешка машина и причвршћивачи due to its durability under extreme operating conditions.
8. Advantages of 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 Alloy Steel
- Висока чврстоћа и издржљивост: The alloy’s затезна чврстоћа и жилавост ensure that it performs well in the harshest conditions.
- Побољшано отпорност на хабање: 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 stands out for its resistance to surface wear and абразија, чинећи га идеалним за high-wear components like gears and shafts.
- Свестраност: This alloy is adaptable for a wide range of industries, укључујући аутомотиве, ваздухопловство, и energy production, proving its versatility.
- Дуговечност: The ability to withstand окружења високог стреса ensures that components made from this alloy last longer, нудећи економичност временски.
9. Comparison with Similar Alloys
Приликом одабира материјала за апликације високих перформанси, it is important to consider how 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel stacks up against other similar alloys.
Several легура челика have properties that overlap with 1.6582/34CrNiMo6,
but subtle differences in composition and heat treatment requirements can make one alloy more suited for specific applications than others.
Let’s compare 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 са 4340 легура челика, 18CrNiMo7-6, и 4140 легура челика — all of which are commonly used in engineering, ваздухопловство, and automotive applications.
4340 Alloy Steel vs 1.6582/34CrNiMo6
Chemical Composition Comparison:
- 4340 Легура челика: Састављен од 0.38-0.43% Угљеник, 0.70-0.90% Манган, 0.90-1.30% Никл, 0.20-0.30% Молибден, и 0.15-0.25% Хром.
- 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Садржи 0.36-0.44% Угљеник, 0.50-0.80% Манган, 1.3-1.8% Никл, 0.2-0.3% Молибден, и 0.9-1.2% Хром.
Механичка својства:
- 4340 Легура челика: Known for висока затезна чврстоћа (около 930-1080 МПА) и good fatigue strength. Међутим, it has slightly lower fatigue resistance compared to 1.6582/34CrNiMo6.
- 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Offers comparable затезна чврстоћа (800-1000 МПА) but superior отпорност на умор due to its higher nickel content и хром.
It excels in жилавост under dynamic loading, making it more suitable for applications that experience constant stress cycles.
18CrNiMo7-6 vs 1.6582/34CrNiMo6
Chemical Composition Comparison:
- 18CrNiMo7-6: Садржи 0.17-0.22% Угљеник, 0.30-0.50% Манган, 1.50-2.00% Никл, 0.90-1.20% Хром, и 0.20-0.30% Молибден.
- 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Садржи 0.36-0.44% Угљеник, 0.50-0.80% Манган, 1.3-1.8% Никл, 0.2-0.3% Молибден, и 0.9-1.2% Хром.
Механичка својства:
- 18CrNiMo7-6: Known for high core strength и жилавост, this alloy has an excellent balance of снага и дуктилност, чинећи га идеалним за cold-working parts попут зупчаници и шахтови.
Тхе lower carbon content enhances its завабилност but lowers its тврдоћа compared to 1.6582/34CrNiMo6. - 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Offers superior отпорност на хабање и снага замора, particularly under high-impact loads.
Its slightly higher carbon content contributes to greater hardness, though it might compromise завабилност if not properly treated.
4140 Alloy Steel vs 1.6582/34CrNiMo6
Chemical Composition Comparison:
- 4140 Легура челика: Садржи 0.38-0.43% Угљеник, 0.75-1.00% Манган, 0.80-1.10% Хром, и 0.15-0.25% Молибден.
- 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: Similar in composition with a slightly higher никл садржај (1.3–1.8%) и манган (0.50–0.80%).
Механичка својства:
- 4140 Легура челика: Exhibits good tensile strength (около 660-950 МПА) and is often used in applications requiring умерене снаге и жилавост.
It is a well-rounded alloy known for its свестраност у обрада и завабилност. - 1.6582/34CrNiMo6: While it shares some properties with 4140, it has better wear resistance, higher tensile strength, и superior fatigue strength.
These advantages make it the better choice for parts exposed to dynamic loads, као што је high-performance gears и шахтови.
Summary of Key Comparisons
| Имовина | 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 | 4340 Легура челика | 18CrNiMo7-6 | 4140 Легура челика |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Садржај угљеника | 0.36% - 0.44% | 0.38% - 0.43% | 0.17% - 0.22% | 0.38% - 0.43% |
| Nickel Content | 1.3% - 1.8% | 0.90% - 1.30% | 1.50% - 2.00% | 0.80% - 1.10% |
| Цхромиум Цонтент | 0.9% - 1.2% | 0.90% - 1.30% | 0.90% - 1.20% | 0.80% - 1.10% |
| Molybdenum Content | 0.2% - 0.3% | 0.20% - 0.30% | 0.20% - 0.30% | 0.15% - 0.25% |
| Затезна чврстоћа | 800–1000 MPa | 930–1080 MPa | Велика снага, добра жилавост | 660–950 MPa |
| Снага умор | Супериор | Умерен | Велика снага, добра отпорност на замор | Умерен |
| Жилавост | Одличан | Добри | Добри | Умерен |
| Апликације | Зупчаници, шахтови, Младе за турбине | Цранксхафттс, зупчаници, Младе за турбине | Зупчаници, шахтови | Machine parts, осовине, вијци |
10. Закључак
1.6582/34CrNiMo6 alloy steel is a highly versatile, high-performance material suitable for demanding applications across industries.
Its superior tensile strength, отпорност на умор, and wear resistance make it ideal for components that must perform under extreme stress and harsh conditions.
Whether you are looking to create gears, шахтови, or turbo machinery components, 1.6582/34CrNiMo6 offers the reliability and long-lasting performance needed to meet industry standards.
If you’re looking for high-quality custom alloy steel products, одабир Ово је савршена одлука за ваше производне потребе.
