I ka honua o nā metala, kakaikahi nā hoʻohālikelike e hoʻopuka i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa kūpono ma waena o nā ʻenekinia, Machlistist, a me nā mea hoʻolālā huahana e like me ke koho ma waena o ke kila kila a me ke keleawe.
Noho kēia mau mea ʻelua i nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa akā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻoihana lehulehu - mai nā lako kai a me nā mea hana hale a hiki i nā mea kani pololei a me nā mea uila uila..
ʻOiai hāʻawi nā metala ʻelua i ka hana kūʻokoʻa i kā lākou mau kikowaena, ʻO kā lākou mau ʻokoʻa metallurgical lalo e kuhikuhi i nā ala ʻokoʻa i ka noi, hana ai.uk, a me ka hoʻokele waiwai.
Hāʻawi kēia ʻatikala i kahi kikoʻī, ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ke kila kila a me ke keleawe ma nā ʻāpana āpau e pili ana i ka poʻe ʻoihana ʻoihana:
Nā Kūlana Kūʻai, hana kino, nā mea wela a me ka uila, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, hana ailihua, aesttheticcs, Kālā, a me nā noi honua maoli.
1. ʻO Steelle Craels vs. Keihei: He aha ka ʻokoʻa?
ʻO ke kila kila a me ke keleawe ke kumu ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe o nā ʻohana huila ʻenehana. ʻO ke kila kila ka mea nui i ka hao-chromium, oiai ʻO ke keleawe ka mea nui he keleawe-zinc.
ʻO kā lākou hui kemika ʻokoʻa ke alakaʻi i nā ʻokoʻa nui o ka ikaika, Pūnaewele kūleʻa, ke ola, markinpalibility, helehelena, a me ka hana hana.
He aha ke kila stiinless?
Kila kohu ʻole he ohana no ferrous alloys i loaʻa ma kahi o ka liʻiliʻi 10.5% chromium e ka lehulehu.
ʻO Chromium ka mea hoʻohuihui wehewehe no ka mea hiki ke hana i kahi mea lahilahi, haohao, ʻO ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive chromium-waiwai ma ka ʻili.
Hāʻawi kēia papa passive i ke kila kila me kona ʻano kūʻē i ka corrosion.
Ke poino mechanically ka ili, hiki ke hoʻololi ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive ke loaʻa ka oxygen kūpono, e kōkua ana i ka pale ʻana i ka metala lalo mai ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka oxidation.
Hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia ke ʻano o ke kila kila ma o nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e hoʻokō i nā hui pū ʻana o ka ikaika, paʻakikī, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, wawahua, a me ka hana wela.
| Alloying element | Hana phite |
| Chromium (Cr) | Hāʻawi i ka passivation a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion; hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka oxidation |
| Nickel (I) | Hoʻopaʻa i ka austenite a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī, kumaikalua, a me ke kū'ēʻana |
| Mybrideum (Mo) | Hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka lua a me ka crevice corrosion, nui loa ma nā wahi i loaʻaʻoleʻia |
| KālekaʻAʻI (C) | Hoʻonui i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī akā hiki ke hōʻemi i ke kūpaʻa ʻino pili i ka weld ma nā pae kiʻekiʻe |
| Nitrogen (N) | Hoʻonui i ka ikaika a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion |
| Mang kāne (Mn) | Kākoʻo i ke kūpaʻa austenitic a hāʻawi i ka ikaika |
| Liulaala (Cu) | Hoʻohana ʻia i kekahi mau māka e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī o ka ua a i ʻole ka hana corrosion |
Ma muli o ka haku mele ʻana a me ka hana ʻana, hiki i nā kila kila ke hoʻomohala i nā microstructure like ʻole, me ka Austetetitic, ferritic, Martesestic, Duplex, a me nā hale paʻakikī i ka ua.
ʻO kēia mau ʻokoʻa microstructural e wehewehe i ke kumu e hiki ai i nā kila kuhili ke ʻano mai nā mea pepa ductile kiʻekiʻe a hiki i nā mea paʻakikī paʻakikī.
Loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona nui:
- ʻOi aku ka ʻino a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana
- Ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī
- Hana maikaʻi cryogenic a me ka wela kiʻekiʻe
- Keia Riana (kekahi mau māka)
- Hiki ke hana hou me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻole o ka maikaʻi
Nā Papa Kuhili ʻole maʻamau
| Kumu | Kā mākou | Nā hiʻohiʻona nui | Nā noi maʻamau |
| 304 | S30400 | Ke kū'ē nei i ka paleʻana o ka'āina, NoMame, a me ka wellingbility | Nā lako kīhini, ʻO ka ho'ōlaʻana i ka meaʻai, Biikona |
| 304L | S30403 | Haʻahaʻa-carbon pae me ka maikaʻi kū'ē i ka sensitization ma hope o ka wiliwili | Nā Tanks Wedd, Piping, a me na lako hana |
| 316 | S31600 | Hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka lua a me ka crevice corrosion | Kekau, Marine, a me nā lako lāʻau lapaʻau |
| 316L | S3603 | ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka corrosion a me ka weldability; kūpono no nā hale welded | Mea hana hana, hana hana moana, nā mea lapaʻau |
| 2205 | S32205 | Kūkulu Dulex; ikaika ikaika, maikaʻi loa ka pale chloride, a me ke kū'ē maikaʻi i ke koʻikoʻi corrosion māwae | Mea lako waho, Ke kālepaʻana, Hoʻohanaʻoihana, nā ipu koʻikoʻi |
904L |
N08904 | ʻO ka papa austenitic super me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i nā ʻakika ikaika a me nā kaiapuni i loko o ka chloride | Ke kālepaʻana, mea hana ʻakika, ʻO nā'ōnaehana kai |
| 17-4Ph | S17400 | ʻO ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma o ka paʻakikī paʻakikī me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion maikaʻi | AerERPPACE, Nā papahele, Nā Vilves, a me nā mea ikaika kiʻekiʻe |
| 410 | S41000 | Heat-treatable martensitic grade me ka ikaika maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻino | Nā Vilves, Pumps, Nā papahele, a me nā ʻāpana mīkini maʻamau |
| 440C | S44004 | ʻO ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa ma hope o ka mālama wela | Kāhele, ʻokiʻana i nā hana hana, nā mea kani, a me nā mea ʻaʻahu pololei |
| 430 | S43000 | Ferritic, magnetic, ka waiwai, a kū i ka ʻino o ka lewa | Nā hana hana, trim trim, nā noi noiʻi |
Nā keleawe?
Keihei he ʻohana copper-zinc alloy ʻo ka zinc ka mea hoʻohui nui.
Ma muli o ka zinc content a me nā mea hoʻohui hou, hiki i ke keleawe ke hāʻawi i ka laulā o nā waiwai, mai nā mea hoʻoheheʻe pepa ductile nui a hiki i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, komo-resistant, a i ʻole nā mea ʻenekinia machinable loa.
Hāʻawi ka matrix waiwai keleawe i ke keleawe i kona ʻano melemele-gula helehelena, ʻO ke kū'ēʻana o ka corrossion maikaʻi, a kiʻekiʻe ka wela a me ka uila.
Hoʻonui ka Zinc i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī i ka wā e hoʻopili ai i ka microstructure a me ka hana hana.
Ua mahele pinepine ia ke keleawe i nā keleawe alpha, nā keleawe alpha-beta, a ʻoi aku nā māka kūikawā i hoʻohuihui ʻia.
Hāʻawi maʻamau nā keleawe alpha-zinc haʻahaʻa i ka ductility maikaʻi loa a me ka hana anuanu, ʻoiai ʻo nā keleawe kiʻekiʻe-zinc alpha-beta hiki ke hāʻawi i ka ikaika hoʻonui a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka hana wela a i ʻole nā hana mechanical.
Hiki ke hoʻololi hou nā mea hoʻohui i ka hana:
- Alakaʻi ua hoʻohana maʻamau e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka machinability a me ka haki ʻana.
- Kū hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ma kekahi mau kaiapuni kai.
- Aluminum hiki ke hoʻonui i ka ikaika a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kū'ē i ka oxidation a me ka corrosion.
- Silikino hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka ikaika, ʻano hoʻolei, a me ke alakaʻi-ʻole machinability.
- Manganese a me ka hao hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i nā mea hao keleawe ikaika kiʻekiʻe.
Loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona nui:
- Kūlana machinability (ka benchmark no ka machinability ratings)
- ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wela a me ka uila
- ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai acoustic
- Nā waiwai antimicrobial maoli
- ʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka corrosion ma nā wahi non-oxidizing
Nā Papa keleawe maʻamau
| Kā mākou | Nā ʻano maʻamau | Nā hiʻohiʻona nui | Nā noi maʻamau |
| C26000 | keleawe pahu pahu | ʻOi loa ka ductility a me ke anuanu formability | Nā ʻāpana metala, mea hoonani, ʻāpana i hana ʻia |
| C36000 | keleawe hana manuahi | ʻO ka machinability maikaʻi a me ka mana chip | KahawaiOli, Nā Vilves, nā mea hoʻohui a me nā ʻāpana hoʻololi pololei |
| C46400 | Nāʻili manu | ʻO ka ikaika maikaʻi a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka wai kai | Mary Ples, nā lāʻau a me nā mea ʻenehana |
C38500 |
keleawe hoʻolālā | Machinability maikaʻi a me ka hiʻona nani | ʻO nā lako hana hoʻonaninani a me nā mea hana hale |
| C69300 | keleawe kepau-ole kepau | Maikaʻi maikaʻi, ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion a me ka machinability | ʻO nā lako paipu a me nā ʻāpana wai inu |
| C37700 | Ke kalai keleawe | Maikaʻi wela-hana a me ka ikaika mechanical | ʻO nā kiwi paʻa, nā lako a me nā lako mīkini |
2. Nā Pīkuhi Propertinies: Ikaika, Paʻakikī a paʻakikī
ʻOkoʻa loa nā ʻano mechanical o ke kila kila a me ke keleawe ma muli o kā lākou mau ʻōnaehana alloy like ʻole a me nā microstructure.
Laulaha, ke kila kuhiliʻole ke hāʻawi i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, hālulu, a me ka hiki ke amo, ʻoiai hāʻawi ke keleawe i kahi hui pono o ka ikaika haʻahaʻa, kumaikalua, markinpalibility, a me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe.
Ikaika ikaika, ʻO ka ikaika a me ka maʻalahi
Hōʻike ʻia ma lalo nei nā ʻano mekini o nā kila kuhili ʻole a me nā pae keleawe.
| Waiwai | 304 Kila kohu ʻole | 316 Kila kohu ʻole | C36000 keleawe | C46400 Naval Brass |
| Ikaika ikaika (Mpa) | ~515–620 | ~515–620 | ~330–470 | ~ 380-550 |
| Ka ikaika (Mpa) | ~205–310 | ~205–310 | ~140–310 | ~170–310 |
| Ewangantion (%) | ~40–60 | ~40–60 | ~18–45 | ~20–40 |
| Hālulu (HB) | ~123–217 | ~123–217 | ~80–160 | ~90–170 |
ʻO nā waiwai nā pae hōʻike no nā kūlana huahana hana maʻamau ma mua o nā palena kikoʻī āpau.
Pili ka waiwai maoli i ka huhū, Kohano, hua huahana, a me ke kūlana maʻamau kūpono.
Ka ikaika a me ka hiki ke amo
Hāʻawi maʻamau ke kila kila i ka hiki ke amo i ka haʻawe ma mua o ke keleawe maʻamau.
Nā māka Austenitic e like me 304 a 316 hoʻohui i ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe me ka ductility maikaʻi loa, e hoʻolilo iā lākou i kūpono no ke kūkulu ʻana, ʻO ke koʻikoʻi, a me nā mea i hoʻouka ʻia me ka mechanically.
Hāʻawi ʻo Brass i ka ikaika haʻahaʻa akā maikaʻi loa ka mīkini a me ka hana mechanical kūpono no nā mea pono, Nā Kākoʻo, Nā'āpana Valve, a me ka mea nui.
Hiki i ka hana anuanu ke hoʻonui nui i ka ikaika keleawe, ʻoiai e hōʻemi ana kēia i ka ductility.
Ka Paʻa Paʻa Hana a me ka ikaika i ka hana anu
Hiki ke hoʻoikaika ʻia ke kila kila a me ke keleawe ma o ka hana anu.
304 a 316 hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano hoʻopaʻa paʻakikī ikaika, e ʻae ana i ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka ikaika hua i ka wā o ka hoʻokumu ʻana.
Hoʻemi ʻia ka ductility a hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana a i ʻole ka mīkini.
Pane mai ke keleawe i ka hana anu, me ka ikaika i hoʻoholo ikaika ʻia e ka hao a me ka huhū.
Hāʻawi kēia i nā mea hana e koho i nā kūlana waiwai like ʻole e kaulike ka ikaika a me ka hiki ke hana.
Paʻakikī a hoʻopaʻa i ke kū'ē
Kū-starder 304 a 316 ʻO nā kila kuhiliʻole ka paʻakikī maʻamau i ke kūlana annealed a ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka ʻaʻahu abrasive koʻikoʻi.
He ʻokoʻa, nā kila kuhili martensitic e like me 420 a me 440C hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wela ma kahi o 40-60 HRC, hāʻawi i ka ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka pale ʻana i ke kapa.
ʻOi aku ka palupalu o ke keleawe maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau i kūpono no nā noi kahi machinability, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻouka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka pale ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu.
ʻO ka ʻoʻoleʻa a me ka pale ʻana i ka hopena
Hāʻawi ʻia nā kila kila Austenitic i ka paʻakikī a me ka ductility ma waena o kahi ākea ākea a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ke kūpaʻa hopena ikaika i nā mahana cryogenic..
Hana kēia i nā māka e like me 304 a 316 kūpono no ke koi ʻana i nā noi haʻahaʻa wela.
Hāʻawi ke keleawe i ka paʻakikī o ka lumi wela, akā, ʻokoʻa ka hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me ka alloy a me ke kūlana.
No laila, pono e no'ono'o ke koho mea i ka wela hana maoli a me nā koi o ka hopena.
ʻO ka pilikia momona
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke kila kila a me ke keleawe ma lalo o ka hoʻouka ʻana, akā pili ikaika ka hana luhi i ke kūlana alloy, paulapua, ʻāpana geometry, koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi, a me ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana.
Hāʻawi maʻamau ke kila kila i kahi envelop hana mechanical ākea, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke keleawe no nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kahi mea nui ka machinability a me ka conductivity.
3. ʻO keʻano o ke kālepa a me ke kālepa: ʻO Steelle Craels vs. Keihei
Hōʻike ka wela a me ka uila i kekahi o nā ʻokoʻa loa ma waena o ke kila kila a me ke keleawe.
Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua
Ua kūpono ke keleawe i nā noi e koi ana i ka hoʻoili wela kūpono.
Hiki i ka wela ke hoolaha koke aku ma o kekahi mea, hana i ke keleawe e pono ai no ka mea hoʻoili wela, nā lako wela, radiators, nā mea hana wela, a me kekahi mau mea uila.
He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ke kila kila.
He mea maikaʻi kēia ma kahi hoʻokaʻawale wela a i ʻole ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka wela makemake ʻia, akā, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i ka hoʻomehana kūloko ke hoʻohua i nā gradients wela nui i loko o kahi ʻāpana.
I ka wā wili a me ka mīkini, pono kēia ʻano i ka mana kaʻina hana kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i ka hōʻiliʻili wela a me ka distortion thermal.
Mea kūʻai uila
Loaʻa ka maikaʻi nui o Brass i nā noi uila no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoili uila ma mua o ke kila kila..
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia no nā pahu uila, Nā Kākoʻo, nā mea pili, lako paʻa, a me nā mea hoʻopili conductive kahi e hui pū ʻia ai ka ikaika mechanical a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion me ka hana uila.
ʻO ke kila kila ka mea hoʻokele uila maikaʻi ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāpana keleawe a me ke keleawe.
No laila ʻaʻole hiki ke koho ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea conductive mua inā he pono hoʻolālā nui ka pono uila.
Aia kona waiwai ma nā noi kahi ka hana durability, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a me ka paʻa paʻa ʻoi aku ka nui.
4. Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion: ʻO Steelle Craels vs. Keihei
ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi i ke koho ʻana ma waena o ke kila kila a me ke keleawe.
Kūleʻa ʻino o ke kila kila
Loaʻa i ke kila kila kona ʻano kūʻē ʻino mai ka chromium. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka oxygen e hiki ai i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive waiwai nui o ka chromium e hana ma luna o ka ʻili, e hana ana ma ke ano he pale pale no ka poino hou aku.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o kēia palekana e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka haku mele ʻana a me nā kūlana kaiapuni.
Nā māka Austenitic e like me 304 a 316 hāʻawi maʻamau i ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka ʻino o ka lewa, kaiwa, nā kaiapuni hana ʻai, a me nā mea hoʻolaha ʻenehana he nui.
ʻO nā māka i loaʻa i ka molybdenum e like me 316 hāʻawi maikaʻi i ke kū'ē ʻana i ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka chloride kūloko i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka maʻamau 304.
Akā naʻe,, ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kila kila. Ma muli o ka papa a me ke kaiapuni, hiki iā ia ke ʻike:
- Pihaʻana
- Kāleʻa Crenice Corrosioni
- ʻO ke kūleʻaʻana o ke kalaʻana
- Intergranur corrosior
- Kahiki Galvaniko
NOEHUI, he mea nui ke koho ʻana i ke kila kuhiliʻole kūpono, no ka moana, kaʻina hana kemika, a me nā noi kiʻekiʻe-chloride.
Pale ʻino o ke keleawe
Pōmaikaʻi ʻo Brass mai ke kū ʻana o ka corrosion o ke keleawe a hana maikaʻi i nā kūlana lewa, ʻōnaehana wai maʻemaʻe, nā noi paipu, a me nā wahi ʻoihana he nui.
Hiki i kāna mau huahana corrosion ke hana i nā ʻili pale pale e hoʻolōʻihi i ka pōʻino.
Akā naʻe,, Loaʻa i ka keleawe nā hana ʻino ponoʻī e pono ai ka nānā. Dezincification He mea koʻikoʻi loa ia no kekahi mau ʻāpana keleawe i hōʻike ʻia i ke kemika wai ikaika.
Ma kēia kaʻina hana, wehe ʻia ka zinc mai ka huila, hiki ke waiho i kahi porous, hale waiwai keleawe me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa mechanical pono.
Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana keleawe e ka pohā ʻino a i ʻole ka ʻino i loko o nā wahi kemika kūikawā. No laila, he mea nui ke koho ʻana i ka Alloy i ka wā i manaʻo ʻia ai ke keleawe no ka lawelawe wai lōʻihi.
5. Hiki i ka mīkini a me ka hana hana
ʻO ka machinability kahi wahi i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke keleawe ma mua o ke kila kuhili maʻamau.
Mīkini o ke keleawe
Ua manaʻo nui ʻia ʻo Brass kekahi o nā metala ʻenehana machinable.
ʻO ka nui o nā pae keleawe he pōkole, hiki ke hana maikaʻi ʻia ma ka huli ʻana, MilightʻAʻole, hoʻomālamalama, paio, a me kau inoa.
Ua kūpono loa nā māka mīkini manuahi i ka hana CNC automated.
ʻO kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona machining e hiki ai i nā mea hana ke hoʻokō i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka wā e mālama ana i ka kūlike o ka dimensional maikaʻi a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā koi hoʻokele waiwai..
Mīkini o ke kila kila
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ke kila kila i ka mīkini. He nui nā māka austenitic e hōʻike nui ana hana paʻakikī, 'o ia ho'i, hiki i ka 'oki 'oki 'ana pono 'ole ke ho'opa'akikī pa'akikī i ka 'ili o ka mīkini a pa'akikī ho'i i ka ho'okomo 'ana i ka mea hana..
He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ko ke kila kila ʻole ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke keleawe, e hoʻomau i ka wela ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻāpana ʻoki.
Nā palena ʻoki kūpono, paʻa paʻa, mea paahana kupono, ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka mea hoʻoluʻu maikaʻi, a no laila he mea nui ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā chip kūpono.
He ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o nā ʻohana kila kila. Hiki ke hana maʻalahi nā māka mīkini manuahi, ʻoiai e koi ana nā māka martensitic paʻakikī i nā mea hana kūikawā a me nā kūlana ʻokiʻoki i mālama pono ʻia.
Hana a me ka hana
Kākoʻo ke kila kila a me ke keleawe i ka laulā o nā kaʻina hana, aka, okoa ka lakou ano hana.
Hāʻawi maʻamau nā kila kila Austenitic i ka ductility maikaʻi loa a hiki ke huki hohonu, kū, Kahiʻia, kiʻiʻia, welded, a huluhulu.
ʻO kā lākou hana paʻakikī ikaika, Akā naʻe,, makemake paha i nā kaʻina hana hoʻomalu a me ka annealing waena no nā hana koi.
He mea hiki loa ke keleawe, ʻoi loa i nā māka alpha-brass ductile. Hiki ke hoailona ia, kū, unuhiʻia, Hapai, a me ka mīkini maikaʻi.
Hoʻoholo ka huila a me ka huhū inā kūpono ka hana anu a i ʻole ka hana wela.
ʻO ka hoʻolei ʻana a me nā mea paʻakikī
Hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea ʻelua ma o ka hoʻolei ʻana, akā, ʻokoʻa ko lākou ʻano hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma muli o ko lākou ʻano hoʻoheheʻe ʻokoʻa a me nā ʻano paʻa.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke keleawe no Kāhaka kūʻai kūʻai, Sand cread, make buring, a me ka hoolei ana i ka centrifugal, ʻoi aku no nā mea pono, Nā Vilves, hana hanohano, a me nā mea paʻakikī.
He kūpono loa ke kila kila hoʻolei kālā a Sand cread, kūpono ia no nā kino valve paʻakikī, Nā'āpana pā, hanakai, ʻoihana ʻenehana, a me nā'āpana pololei.
ʻOi aku ka waiwai o ka hoʻolele kālā inā pono nā ʻāpana kila kuhili ʻole i ke geometry paʻakikī i hui pū ʻia me ka pololei o ke ana.
6. ʻO Steelle Craels vs. Keihei: ʻO ke ʻano a me ka pau ʻana o ka ʻili
Hiki i ka helehelena ke lilo i mea koho nui ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana a i ʻole he ʻāpana o ka hale kūkulu hale, Hoʻokikola, a i ʻole nā mea kūʻai aku.
ʻIkepili kila kila
Loaʻa i ke kila kila ʻole a kala-keʻokeʻo, ʻano metala kū ʻole.
Hiki i kona ʻano hiʻohiʻona ke ʻokoʻa mai ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻenehana a hiki i ka noʻonoʻo nui, ma muli o ke kaʻina hana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili.
ʻO nā mea hoʻopau kila kuhili ʻole maʻamau:
- Hoʻopau wili: Mālama ʻia ke ʻano hiʻohiʻona i hana ʻia i ka wā o ka ʻōwili ʻana, hana, a iʻole maching.
- Hoʻopau palaki: Hoʻopuka i kahi kikokikona kuhikuhi e hōʻemi i nā manamana lima ʻike ʻia a me nā ʻōpala liʻiliʻi.
- Hoʻopau satin: Hāʻawi i kahiʻaʻahu, ʻili haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kūpono no ka hoʻolālā hale a me nā noi mea kūʻai aku.
- Hoʻopau poli: Hoʻokumu i kahi maʻalahi, ʻano hoʻohālike mai ka semi-polished a hiki i ke aniani-like.
- Hoʻopau electropolished: Wehe i ka nui o nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hana i kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, smooother, a ʻoi aku ka ʻili o ka corrosion.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kila kila i ka wā e pono ai ka ʻāpana a hoomae, hou, Hygienic, a me nā hiʻohiʻona pale-corrosion.
Ke Kinohi keleawe
He mahana maoli ko keleawe metala melemele-gula, e kaulana loa ia no ka hoʻonanea a me ka hoʻolālā hale.
Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kona waihoʻoluʻu e like me ke keleawe a me ka zinc a hiki ke ʻokoʻa mai ka melemele ʻeleʻele a hiki i nā leo gula hohonu.
Hiki nō hoʻi i ke keleawe ke hoʻomohala i kahi patina ma luna o ka manawa e like me kona ʻano me kona kaiapuni.
Mālama kekahi mau noi i kēia hopena ʻelemakule, aʻo kekahi e hoʻohana i ka polishing, uhi maopopo, Wehe, a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e mālama i ke ʻano kumu.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā hoʻopau keleawe maʻamau, pua, satin, kahiko, a me na ili papa.
No ka mea, he maʻalahi ke keleawe i ka poli a me ka mīkini, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i kahi hoʻopau hoʻonani nani me ka mālama ʻana i kona ʻano metala lalo.
7. Nā hoʻohālikelike kumukūʻai: ʻO Steelle Craels vs. Keihei
He mea koʻikoʻi ke kumukūʻai waiwai, akā ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ke kila kila a me ke keleawe wale nō ma o kā lākou kumu kūʻai waiwai hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi loiloi hoʻokele waiwai kūpono ʻole..
ʻO ke kumu kūʻai maoli o kahi ʻāpana e pili ana i ka pae alloy, loaʻa waiwai, OLELO MAINGETRY, hana hana, nā koi mīkini, mālamaʻona, Ka Hoʻohuiʻana, a lawelawe lawelawe.
Kumukūʻai kumukūʻai
Loaʻa i ka keleawe ka hapa nui o ke keleawe, he metala kumu waiwai. Ma ka hopena, hiki ke loaʻa i ke keleawe ke kumu kūʻai kumu kumu kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā papa waiwai keleawe.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kila kila ma luna o ka hao a hiki ke lilo i mea hoʻokele waiwai i nā noi he nui.
Akā naʻe,, hiki i nā mea hoʻohui hoʻohui like me ka nickel a me ka molybdenum ke hoʻololi nui i ke kumukūʻai o nā māka hana kiʻekiʻe..
ʻo kahi laʻana, ʻoi aku ke kumu kūʻai ma mua o nā māka maʻamau.
No laila, ʻaʻole pono e manaʻo ʻia he mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka honua. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka papa i koho ʻia ma mua o ka ʻohana waiwai ponoʻī.
Uku Hana Hana
Hāʻawi maʻamau ʻo Brass i kahi pōmaikaʻi i ka hana ʻana i ka mīkini ma muli o kona machinability maikaʻi loa.
ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka mīkini, hoʻokumu ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu maikaʻi, a hiki ke hoemi i ke koina hana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kikoʻī liʻiliʻi.
Pono ke kila kila maʻamau i ka mana machining e akahele. ʻOki ʻana i nā ʻāpana, hoao, hooponopono wai hooluu, a pono e hoʻoikaika ʻia ka paʻahana e hoʻomalu i ka hana wela a me ka paʻakikī o ka hana. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻonui i nā koina hana.
Akā naʻe,, hiki i ke kila kuhiliʻi ke lilo i mea maikaʻi i ka hoʻokele waiwai ke hoʻemi kona kūpaʻa a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion i ka mālama, kahi pio, a i ʻole nā kumukūʻai hāʻule i ka wā lawelawe.
ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ke ola
No nā mea ʻenehana, ʻo ka hoʻohālikelike koʻikoʻi loa huina kumukūʻai o ka kuleana ma mua o ke kumu kūʻai mua.
Hiki i ke keleawe ke hāʻawi i ka waiwai waiwai maikaʻi ma kahi o ka ikaika kūpono, ʻO ke kū'ēʻana o ka corrossion maikaʻi, Ka Manakili Nui, a lawa ka conductivity.
Hiki i ke kila kila ke hāʻawi i kahi hopena hoʻokele waiwai no ka wā lōʻihi i ka wā e hana ai ka mea hana i nā kaiapuni koʻikoʻi, lawe i nā ukana nui, a i ʻole makemake i ke ola lawelawe me ka liʻiliʻi o ka mālama ʻana.
No laila, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kahi loiloi kumukūʻai kūpono:
Koina waiwai + koina hana + koina hoopau + mālama + pilikia pani + ola lawelawe i manaʻo ʻia.
He mea koʻikoʻi kēia ala no nā valves, KahawaiOli, Nā'āpana pā, ʻoihana ʻenehana, a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe kahi e hiki ai i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka waiwai ke hana i nā kumukūʻai nui.
8. Hoʻohana ʻia o ke kila kila a me ke keleawe
ʻOiai hiki i ke kila kila a me ke keleawe ke lawelawe i nā hana like, ko lakou mechanical okoa, thermal, lako uila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai corrosion iā lākou i nā wahi noiʻi like ʻole.
Nā noi o nā kila kila
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kila kila ma kahi o ka ikaika, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, durability, Hingiene, a he mea koʻikoʻi ke kūpaʻa wela.
Nā mea noi maʻamau:
| ʻOihana Kahuna | Nā mea hoʻohana maʻamau |
| Meaʻai & Hana hānai | Nā'Ka, Piping, ʻO ka hoʻoiliʻana i nā lako, KahawaiOli |
| Ke kālepaʻana | Nā Vilves, Pumps, Piping, Kāleka |
| Marine | Nā papahele, Nā mea paʻa, KahawaiOli, Nā'āpana pā |
| Pono & Aila | Nā Vilves, Nā Kākoʻo, Nā Kūlana Kūlana |
| Ka Makani | Mea hana hana, KahawaiOli, Piping |
| Biikona | Nā lima lima, nā alo, Nā Mea Mola |
| Aitompetitive | Nā mea hoʻopiʻi, nā brackets, Nā'āpana 2. |
| Olakino | Nā mea hana a me nā mea hana |
Noi o ke keleawe keleawe
He waiwai nui ke keleawe ma kahi o ka machinability, mea kūʻai uila, Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a he mea nui ka helehelena.
Hoʻokomoʻia nā noi maʻamau:
| ʻOihana Kahuna | Nā mea hana keleawe maʻamau |
| Plumbing | KahawaiOli, Nā Kākoʻo, Nā Vilves, mea hoʻopili |
| Hvac | Nā Vilves, KahawaiOli, Nā Kākoʻo |
| Lako uila | Nā ʻāpana, Hoʻokaʻaʻike, Nā Kākoʻo |
| Mea hana hana | Bussings, Kauluhi, KahawaiOli, Nā Palaki'ā |
| Marine | Nā lako a me nā lako moana |
| Biikona | Kiko, Trim, hana hanohano |
| Aitompetitive | Nā Kākoʻo, KahawaiOli, Nā'āpanaʻokoʻa |
| Kākau | Nā lako liʻiliʻi, Nā Kākoʻo, Nā'āpana |
9. ʻO nā hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike: ʻO Steelle Craels vs. Keihei
ʻO ke kila kila a me ke keleawe nā mea ʻenehana i hoʻokumu ʻia, akā ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia lākou no nā mea hana mua.
| Waiwai | Kila kohu ʻole | Keihei |
| ʻOhana waiwai | ʻO ka hao hao me ka chromium | Pākuʻi keleawe-zinc |
| Ikaika | ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe | ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ma muli o ka hao a me ka huhū |
| Hālulu | Laulā laula; Hiki ke mālama ʻia kekahi mau māka me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe | Kūleʻa maʻamau; loaʻa nā keleawe kūikawā ʻoi aku ka ikaika |
| Paʻakikī | Maikaʻi ma nā māka kūpono, ʻoi aku ke kila kuhili ʻole austenitic | Maikaʻi no nā noi maʻamau |
Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion |
Kūpono; hilinaʻi nui i ka papa a me ke kaiapuni | Maikaʻi e maikaʻi; ʻokoʻa loa me ka alloy a me ke kaiapuni |
| Mea kūʻai uila | Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa | ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe |
| Ka HōʻaʻO Kokua | Haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa | ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe |
| Markinpalibility | Loli; ʻokoʻa loa ma ka papa | Maikaʻi maʻamau |
| NoMame | Maikaʻi no nā māka austenitic | Ka mea maikaʻi |
| E kāʻei i ke kū'ē | Maikaʻi no nā māka martensitic i koho ʻia a paʻakikī | Loli; alloy-hilinaʻi |
| Magnesism | Pili i ka hoʻolālā metallurgical; ʻO nā papa he nui he magnetic a i ʻole ka magnet | Maʻamau non-magnetic |
| Helehelena | Metala keʻokeʻo kala kala | He ʻano metala melemele-gula |
ʻO ke kū'ēʻana |
Maikaʻi maʻamau | Maikaʻi loa i ka maikaʻi, Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka alloy |
| Wawahua | Pili i ka papa; wili maikaʻi nā māka austenitic | Ka mea maikaʻi, akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōlelo hoʻopaʻapaʻa pili i ka alloy |
| Hana maʻamau | Kauhi, Kākau, Cnc iching, hana, Welding | Kauhi, Kākau, hānehi, noho ', Cnc iching |
| Nā noi maʻamau | Nā lako hana, KOMIKANA LOA, meaʻai meaʻai, Nā Vilves, Nā'āpana hoʻonohonoho | KahawaiOli, Nā Kākoʻo, Nā'āpana uila, hana hanohano, Nā Vilves |
| Kūpono kūpono no | Ikaika, durability, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, kaiapuni koi | Markinpalibility, ke ola, helehelena, nā lako hana maʻamau |
10. Nā ʻāpana kila kila a me nā ʻāpana keleawe mai DEZE
Deze hoʻokumu Hāʻawiʻia kila kuhiliʻole maʻamau a ke keleawe ka hoʻolei ʻana a me ka ʻenehana mīkini CNC no nā ʻāpana ʻenehana e koi ana i ka pololei o ke ana, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, ka ikaika ikaika, a hilinaʻi hana kūlike.
Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ke kaʻina hana mai ke koho ʻana i nā mea a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kaʻina hana hoʻolei ma o ka mīkini, Ke hoʻopauʻana, ʻO ka mālama wela, a me ka nana hope.
| Ka hiki | KEIA Kuhilihi Kuleana a ke keleawe Nā'āpana |
| Mea waiwai | 304, 304L, 316, 316L, 17-4H, 410, 420, 440C, Duplex；C26000, C36000, C46400, C87800, C89833. |
| Nā hana hana | Kāhaka kūʻai kūʻai, Sand cread, Cnc huli, Cr mi mliring, hoʻomālamalama, kūhā |
| Kaumaha hapa | 0.01–1000 kg |
| Hiki ke ana | Nā ʻāpana maʻamau e like me nā kaha kiʻi, 3D nā hiʻohiʻona, a me nā kikoʻī ʻenehana |
| Ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana | Hiki i ka hoʻolei kālā ke hoʻokō i ka ISO 8062 CT5–CT7 ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono |
| Lalau kikowaena | E like me-lawe, machine, Polu, i hoʻopaʻaʻia, elelpikini relalposand |
| Honua mālamalama | Iso 9001:2015 Palapala hōʻoia; 100% NDT a me ka nānā ʻana. |
| Ka manawa o waena o ka hoʻomaka a i ka wā pau | 6‑12 pule no ka mea hana; 2‑ 4 pule no nā kauoha hou. |
11. Hopena
ʻO ke kila kila a me ke keleawe e hōʻike ana i ʻelua ala ʻokoʻa i ke koho ʻana i nā mea hana.
Kila kohu ʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka koho inā kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika mechanical, durability, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, hālulu, a i ʻole ka hana wela kiʻekiʻe ke koi mua.
ʻO kāna ʻōnaehana papa nui e hiki ai i nā ʻenekinia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai no nā noi mai nā lako hana ʻai i nā mea kai a me nā mea hana kemika..
Keihei, he ʻokoʻa, ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi inā machinability, ʻO ka hana uila a me ke kālepa, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a he mea nui ka helehelena.
ʻO kāna mau hiʻohiʻona maʻalahi maʻalahi e kūpono loa ia no nā mea pono, Nā Kākoʻo, Nā Vilves, Nā'āpanaʻokoʻa, a 'oleka wahine hardware.
No nā mea maʻamau, Pono e loiloi pū ʻia ke koho ʻana i nā mea a me nā koho hana hana.
ʻO kahi huila ʻenehana kūpono i hui pū ʻia me ka hoʻolei kūpono, Kākau, Machimen, a hiki i ka hoʻolālā hoʻopau ke hāʻawi i kahi kaulike maikaʻi loa ma waena o ka hana, hana ailihua, a me ka huina kālā.
FaqS
ʻOi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ke keleawe?
Laulaha, hāʻawi ke kila kila i ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī ma mua o ke keleawe maʻamau.
Akā naʻe,, ʻo nā ʻano mechanical maoli e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka alloy kikoʻī, huhū, a me nā wela wela.
Hiki i nā keleawe kūikawā ke hāʻawi i ka ikaika ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā māka keleawe manuahi maʻamau.
ʻOi aku ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, kila kuhiliʻole a keleawe paha?
ʻAʻohe pane āpau no ka mea e pili ana ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion i ka alloy a me ka puni lawelawe.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kila kila ma nā kaiapuni koʻikoʻi, ʻoiai ke koho ʻia kahi māka kūpono e like me 316L.
Hiki i ke keleawe ke hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka wai a me nā kaiapuni lewa akā hiki ke maʻalahi i ka dezincification a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻino ʻē aʻe ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole..
He mea maʻalahi ke keleawe ma mua o ke kila kila?
ʻAe. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka keleawe i ka mīkini a hāʻawi maʻamau i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka chip a me ke ola mea hana maikaʻi.
Hiki i ke kila kila ke koi aku i ka mana akahele o ka oki wikiwiki, hualoaʻa, hoao, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wela no ka mea hiki ke paʻakikī kekahi mau papa.
ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai o ke kila kila ma mua o ke keleawe?
ʻAʻole pono. ʻO ke kumukūʻai e pili ana i ka papa kikoʻī, kūlana mākeke waiwai, ʻāpana geometry, a me ka hana hana.
Hiki ke pipiʻi nā mea kila kila kila, ʻoiai hiki i nā ʻāpana keleawe waiwai nui ke lawe i nā kumukūʻai waiwai nui. Pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā kumukūʻai o ka hana ʻana a me ke ola pōʻai me ke kumu kūʻai kumu.
Hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia ke kila kila a me ke keleawe?
ʻAe, akā, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka galvanic corrosion ke hoʻopili ʻia nā metala ʻelua i ka uila i mua o kahi electrolyte..
Ke koho mea kūpono, kaawalewa, Nā pāpale, a me ka hoomalu kaiapuni paha, ma ka moana a i ʻole ka pulu mau.
He pala keleawe?
ʻAʻole. ʻAʻole pulu ke keleawe no ka mea ʻaʻohe hao. Akā naʻe,, he mea ino—ua ino, hoʻomohala i kahi patina, a hiki ke hana i ka dezincification (ka hoʻolele koho ʻana o ka zinc).
