Keleawe ma keleawe keleawe: Nāʻokoʻa kī

1. Hōʻikeʻike

Keleawe ma keleawe keleawe, ʻelua mau mea koho balota, ua lawe i ke aupuni no Millenniania.

ʻOiai ko lākou mau mahana mahana a me nā mea likeʻole e like me nā mea likeʻole, Loaʻa i kēia mau mea hana nā mea hoʻohui likeʻole, waiwai, a me na noi noi.

Mai ko lākou mau kuleana i loko o ka mea kaua kahiko a me ke kālā i ka hoʻohanaʻana i kēia manawa i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā'ōnaehana uila a me nā wahi moana,

ʻO ka hoʻoholo ma waena o ke keleawe a me nā crnze hinges ma nā koina he nui: ʻO ka hana mechanication, ke kū'ē kū'ē, ʻO ka makemake Aesthetic, a me ka uku uku.

ʻO ka hoʻomaopopoʻana he mea nui ko lākou mau'ōpio e koho i nā mea kūpono no ka hana kūpono.

2. Nā keleawe?

Keihei he keleawe-zinc alloy kaulana no kona hana maikaʻi loa, ʻO keʻano gula maikaʻi, a me ka ikaika o ka ikaika.

Ke hilinaʻi nei i nāʻike zinc a me ke alo o nā mea hou aʻe, Hiki ke hōʻike ke kālā i kahi nui o ke kino, puiahuhu, a me nā meaʻona.

ʻO ia kekahi o nā meaʻenehanaʻenehana nui loa a me ka hoʻonuiʻiaʻana i loko Nā'āpana uila, mea hoʻonani kiʻi, ʻO nā mea hoʻopihapiha, nā mea kani, a me nā'āpana i hoʻopiliʻia.

ʻO ka weheweheʻana o ke keleawe o ke keleawe he mea nui: Ma ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i ka Cooper-to-zinc ratio a hoʻolaha i nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me alakaʻi, kū, aluminum, mang kāne, Silikino, ORT,

Hiki i nā Engineers ke hana i ka hana a Alloy e kūpono i nā noi kiko'ī.

Kinohi & Nā'ōnaehana ALLOY

ʻO nā helu keleawe i heluʻia ma luna o kā lākou ka hoʻonohonohoʻana a Nā Manaʻo Zinc:

• Haphala (α-keleawe)

• • Nā Manaʻo Zinc: E piʻi i ~ 37%
  • ʻAno: ʻO ka hopena paʻa paʻa hoʻokahi
  • Waiwai: ʻO ka hana maikaʻi maikaʻi loa, koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe, ʻO ke kū'ēʻana o ka corrossion maikaʻi
  • Noi: Huki kaha, Ka pāpaleʻana, keʻano anuanu

• Alpha-moe keleawe (Keleawe bleplex)

• • Nā Manaʻo Zinc: 37-45%
  • ʻAno: ʻElua-phase (a + na B)
  • Waiwai: Ikaika a paʻakikī, akāʻo ka liʻiliʻi drctile; kūpono no ka hana wela
  • Noi: Ua kalaʻia, nā kino valve, ʻO nā mea momona-five

• Alakaʻi keleawe (ʻO ke keleawe manuahi manuahi)

• • Alakaʻi alakaʻi: ~-3%
  • Waiwai: Ma muli o ka matchinability ma muli o ke alo o nā mea i hoʻopili maikaʻiʻia
  • Noi: Nā'āpana i hoʻohuiʻia, liumona, Nā mea paʻa

• HE MOOLELO KOLOHE ANA

• • Alloying e like me aluminum (AL) no ka ikaika a me ka paleʻana, Silikino (A) No ka hana kūpono i ke kū'ē, a kū (Sno) No ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i ke kū'ēʻana
  • Noi: Mary Ples, Nā Kūlana Pūnaewele, nā noi noiʻi

Nā helu maʻamau a me nā kūlana

3. He aha ka bronze?

Bronze he ʻohana ākea o nā mea hoʻohui keleawe i hoʻopili mua ʻia me ka tin,

ʻoiai nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka alumini, Silikino, phoshorus, a ʻo ka manganese kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau i nā ʻōnaehana keleawe hou.

ʻOiai ma ka mōʻaukala, ua pili ka huaʻōlelo "bronze" i nā ʻāpana keleawe-tini, i kēia manawa ua hoʻopili ʻia i kahi ākea o nā ʻāpana me nā waiwai like ʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā pono ʻoihana kūikawā.

Ua kaulanaʻo Bronze no kāna ikaika ikaika, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosion Corrosiotion, maikaʻi loa ka hana ʻaʻahu, a me ka hiki ke hana i kahi patina pale paʻa, nui loa ma nā wahi harsh.

Ua hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā kaukani mau makahiki - mai ka makahiki Bronze - a hoʻomau ʻia e hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Marine, kūhae, lako uila, hana noʻeau, a me nā palapala noi.

Ke kumu nui o ke keleawe ma waena o ke keleawe a me nā bronze hoʻopunipuni i kā lākou mau ala alloying: ʻO ke keleawe he kumu nui loa liulaala + zinc, ʻOiaiʻo Balnze ka maʻamau maʻamau liulaala + kū (a iʻole nā ​​mea'ē aʻe e like me al, A, P, Mn).

Hōʻike pinepineʻo Bronze i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, hālulu, a me ka paleʻana i nā mea momona a me ke kino, albeit ma ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a me ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ke keleawe.

Kinohi & Nā'ōnaehana ALLOY

Ua heluʻia nā molneys bronze e kā lākou kumu mua ma mua o ke keleawe:

• Phosphor Bronze (CU-SN-P)

• • TIN KAHALE: ~ 0.5-11%, me ka trace phosphorus
  • Nāʻano hiʻohiʻona: ʻO ke kū'ēʻana i ke kū'ē, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, Nā waiwai o nā pūnāwai
  • Noi: Kāhele, punawai, Nā'Āpana Pūnaewele, Kauluhi

• Ailunimina bronze (Cu-al)

• • Nāʻikepili Aluminim: ~ 5-12%
  • Nāʻano hiʻohiʻona: Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosion Corrosion (nui loa ma ka paʻakai), ikaika ikaika
  • Noi: Mary Ples, Nā Vilves, Pumps, ʻO Aerospace Bushings

• Silikino Bronze (Cu-si)

• • HōʻikeʻIke: ~ 2-6%
  • Nāʻano hiʻohiʻona: Maikaʻi maikaʻi, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a me ka ikaika kūpono
  • Noi: Ka manuahi, Nā kīwaha, Nā mea paʻa

• Mangnese i chin (Cu-zn-mn-fe)

• • ʻEnehana i kahiʻano keleawe, akā ua hui pinepineʻia me nā bronzes ma muli o nāʻano like like
  • Nāʻano hiʻohiʻona: Ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi
  • Noi: Nā hana kaumaha, Nā Kūlana Kūʻai, Nā lāʻau lāʻau

Nā helu maʻamau a me nā kūlana

4. ʻO ka hana mechanical o ke keleawe keleawe ma keleawe keleawe

I ka wā e koho ai ma waena o ka bronze vs keleawe no nā noiʻenehana, ʻO ka hana mechanical he koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi.

ʻOiai he mau alloys colping, ʻO kā lākou mau mechanical mau mea e like me keʻano nui e pili ana i ka hoʻopiliʻana, ka hoʻoiliʻana, a me keʻano.

Nā ikaika ikaika a me nā mea hoʻohālikelike kūpono

Hālulu (Mau Kanaka Waiwai, Nā Vickers, Pōhakukwell)

ʻO ke ola momona i ka loaʻaʻana o ka cyclicing

5. Keleawe ma keleawe keleawe: O ka kino & ʻO ka papaʻaina e hoʻohālikelike ai

6. Acoustic & ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona aesthetic o ke keleawe keleawe ma ke keleawe

ʻO ka paleʻana a me ke kiʻiʻana i nā mea kani mele (Nā Belle, cymbls, 'ōhele)

• NāʻImi Kūleʻa: ʻO ke keleawe ka mea nui no nā mea kani no nā mea kani e like me nā pū, nā trombone, a me na puu.
  ʻO kāna mau mea nui loa a me nā mea e hiki ai i nā waiwai a me nā mea e hiki ai i nā waiwai kūpono, kani ikaika.
  ʻO ka hiki ke hiki i ka Alloy ke hōʻole i nā alapine kūikawā i nā mea maʻamau e hāʻawi i nā mea kūʻai keleawe.
• Bronze i nā mea hana percussion: Ua hoʻohana nuiʻiaʻo Bronze i nā mea hana percussion e like me nā bola, cymbls, a me na gongs.
  Tin-bronzes, i ke ʻano wae, ʻikeʻia no kā lākou mau waiwai acoustic maikaʻi loa.
  Loaʻa iā lākou kahi hui kūʻokoʻa o ka resonance a me ka damping, ʻO nā hopena i loko o kahi mahana, Ua kani nui ka leo me kahi kūlana lōʻihi.
  ʻo kahi laʻana, ʻO nā papa pule e hana i nā bronze e hana hohonu, nā leo kani e hiki ai ke halihali i nā lōʻihi lōʻihi.

Kala kala: ʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula vsʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula keleawe ma ka neʻeʻana

• Kala kala: ʻO ke kala o ke keleawe keleawe e pili ana i kaʻike o kāna mau zinc. Loaʻa iā Zin-Zinc keleawe Reddish-ʻulaʻula, oiai he mau keleawe zinc kiʻekiʻe loa.
  ʻO kēia kukui, ʻO ke kala hoihoi e lilo i koho i ke koho kaulana no nā noi noi, e like me ka mīkini, Kōhai, a me nā mea hana hana hoʻolālā.
• Kala o ka keleawe keleawe: ʻO Bronze maʻamau he kalaʻulaʻula ulaula, hiki ke hoʻololi iki i ka mea e like me keʻano o ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka alloy.
  Ua holo ʻoi aʻe ka manawa, Hiki i ke keleawe ke hoʻomohala i kahi patina, ka mea e hiki ai i ke aniani-uliuli-uliuli (i nā wahi waho) i nā brownsʻeleʻele, ka hoʻohuiʻana i kāna hoʻopiʻi aesthetic, nui loa ma nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
• ʻO ka nui o nā māla: Hiki ke hāʻawiʻia ke keleawe a me ke keleawe i hāʻawiʻia i ka nui o ka nui e hoʻoikaika i ko lākouʻano.
  Hiki i nā mākeke ke piʻi i nā lole gula gula e like me nā mea e like me nā mea he nui a me nā pôpeku, aeʻae ana no ka nui o nā koho aesthetic i nā huahana hoʻonaninani.

Hōʻailona hoʻokolokolo: etgian, Koi aihewa, Wehe

• Etgian: Hiki i ke keleawe a me ke keleawe a me nā bronze e hiki ai ke hana i nā hoʻolālā intrigate. E pili ana i ka hoʻohanaʻana me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea kanu i ka laweʻana i nā mea e wehe ai i nā mea mai ka papa, e hōʻike ana i keʻano hoʻohālike i makemakeʻia.
  Hoʻohana pinepineʻia kēiaʻano hana i ka hana o nā plaques, Nā'āpana waiwai, a me nā mea kiʻi.
• Koi aihewa: E like me ka mea i'ōleloʻia ma mua, Kūkuluʻo Bronze kūlohelohe i kahi patina i ka wā. Akā naʻe,, Hiki ke hoʻopiliʻia keʻano e hoʻokō ai i nā hopena aesthetic kiko'ī.
  I ke keleawe, Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia nā hana hoʻohālikelike e hana i nā hana a me ke nānāʻana a iʻole antique-nānā.
• Wehe: ʻO ka plating heʻano hana hoʻonaninani'ē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻaʻia ke keleawe me ke gula, dala, a iʻole nickel e hoʻonui i konaʻano a pale iā ia mai ka corrosion.
  Hiki iā Bronze hiki ke kauʻia, ʻOiai he mea liʻiliʻi ia ma muli o kāna noi aesthetic kūlohelohe a me ka hiki ke kūpono no ka hoʻopiliʻana i kānaʻano hiʻohiʻona.

7. Lako uila & ʻO nā waiwai magnetic o ke keleawe he keleawe

Keleawe bronze exhibit e hōʻike i nā mea uila a me nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā mea hoʻonaninani e hoʻohālikelike ai i ko lākou kūpono i ka uila, uila, a me ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka electromagnetic (Emi) noi.

Mea kūʻai uila

IaCS = International Anne Libard Standard Standard (100% = Condusttivity o ke keleawe maʻemaʻe)

• Nā Kūlana Koloka hāʻawi maʻamau ka lawena uila uila, lawa no nā'āpana uila he nui i kahi o ka laweʻana a me ka ikaika o ka ikaika.
• Bronze Alloys ai ʻO keʻano haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, nui ma muli o ko lākou mau mea hoʻohui (kū, phoshorus, aluminum),
  Ke hana nei iā lākou i kahi kūpono kūpono i kahi e pono ai keʻano o kaʻoihana uila akāʻoi aku ka waiwai ma kahi o ka ikaika o ka ikaika a me ke kū'ēʻana.

Nā waiwai magnetic

• Elua ʻO ke keleawe a me ka hapa nui o nā alloys bolnze he meaʻole, ʻo ia ka mea e pono ai i nā noi e koi ana i ka hoʻohui haʻahaʻa minimal.
• Kekahi mau bronzes kūikawā e like me mangnese i chin hiki ke hōʻike i nā waiwai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi akā e noho mau loaʻole-ferromagnetic.

ʻO EMI / RFI Shielding e noʻonoʻo ai

• Ma muli o keʻano kūpono a me keʻano non-magnetic, Keihei Hoʻohana pinepineʻia EMI / RFI Shielding i nā'āpana e like me nā mea pili a me nā hoʻopili, ke kāohiʻana i ka lawenaʻana me ka mīkini.
• ʻO keʻano haʻahaʻa o Bronze ho'ēmi i kona kūpono i ka paleʻana i ka paleʻana i ke keleawe,
  akā,ʻo ke kū'ēʻana o kona mau pale corrosion e kūpono ai i nā wahi harsh i kahi o nā meaʻala e like me keʻano o ka challing.
• E hoʻokaʻawale me nā metala e hana ai (E.g., kālā a keleawe paha) ma ke keleawe a iʻole ka bronze hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka hana ma ka hana maikaʻi no ka maikaʻi emi / rfi hana.

8. Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion & Hana kūlohelohe

• Dezincification: ʻAʻole hiki i ke keleawe ke hōʻeha iā Zinc Leaching i nā wahi o ke hoʻoponoponoʻia a iʻole nā ​​wahi kiʻekiʻe, Ke hoʻohana nei i ka waiwai.
• Tin lipo: Bronze resists verission borrosion maikaʻi aʻaʻoleʻike i ka dezincification, ʻOiaiʻo TIN e hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻolahaʻo Acidic.
• ʻO ke kūleʻaʻana o ke kalaʻana: ʻOi aku ka nui o ke keleawe, ʻO nā mea waiwai nuiʻo Joodali-waiwai.
• Manea Hana: Alumini a me ka silicon bronzes ʻO ka corrosione maʻamau, pinepine i loko Marine a me nā hoʻonohonohoʻana.
• Patina: Bronze i hana a Kūkai, palealaka, ʻOiai e pili ana i nā coni keleawe a koi paha i ka polish a iʻole ke hōʻailonaʻana.

9. Huahuai & Ka hoʻokumuʻana o ke keleawe ma vs keleawe

Hale kūʻai: Kaulikeia, Shrinkage, a me ka prosoity

Kauhi e noho ana i kahi ala hana mua no ka nui keleawe a me nā'āpana keleawe. Hoʻomaopopo ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i kā lākou mau kelepona i ka hoʻolālāʻana i ka hoʻolālā a hōʻemi i nā hemahema.

• E hōʻike i ke keleawe keleawe, me nā waiwai e hiki mai ana ma kahi o 40-45 cm ma keʻano o keʻano hoʻokolohua, e hiki mai ana i nā geometrite geometraries e like me nā mea kiko'ī kiko'ī.
  Ua hāʻule ka nui o kāna helu shlanchige ma waena 1.5% a 2.0%, e kōkua ana i ka mālama ponoʻana i ka dimensional pololei.
• He ʻokoʻa, Hōʻikeʻo Bronze alloys i ka loli haʻahaʻa, Haʻalele nui mai 30-38 cm, ʻO nā mea e hoʻokūkū nei i ka pāʻana o nā'āpana nui a iʻole nāʻano paʻakikī.
  Hiki i ka shlancage ke piʻi i 2.0% i 2.5%, pono eʻae i kaʻaeʻana i ka hoʻolālā mold e pale ai i nā hemahema.
  ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau ma nā hale kūʻai keleawe, ʻO nā mea maikaʻiʻole me ka maikaʻiʻole o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana, Ke hoʻomau nei i kaʻike ponoʻana.

Ke hana anuanu: Nā palena a me nā palena palena

ʻO nāʻano hana like me nā mea hana like ma lalo o ko lākouʻano hoihoi, ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka ikaika ma o ka paʻakikī paʻakikī akā e koi i ka pono kūpono.

• ʻO ke keleawe ke aniani i ka hana anuanu Ma muli o kānaʻikepili Zinc a me Microstructure, pinepine e hoʻokō pinepine i nā waiwai ellingation ma waena 30-50% i nā hōʻike tensile ma hope o ka hoʻohuiʻana.
  Hāʻawi kēia i nā hana nui e like me ke kiʻi nui, Ke kū nei me ka radii liʻiliʻi (iho i lalo i 3-5 mm i nā pale), a me ke kiʻi kiʻi kelepona maikaʻi.
• ʻO nāʻano o nā bronze i nā mea likeʻole e nā mea'ē aʻe; ʻo kahi laʻana, Hōʻikeʻo Phosphor Bronze i Ellingation ma waena o 15-35%, ʻOiaiʻo Aluminim Bronze hāʻule i ka 10-20%.
  Keʻano anuanu e pono ai i kēia mau huakaʻi e koi i ka radii bodii (maki >10 mm) a me ka waena waena e pale aku ai i ka paleʻana.

Ke hana wela & Annalile: Ka wela a me ka pane

ʻO ka hana wela e hōʻano hou i nā microstructure a hāʻawi i ka hana ma mua o nā palena kūpono.

• ʻO ke keleawe keleawe ma waena o 450° C a me 600 ° C, Me ka hana houʻana i nā minuke.
  Ka wela wela a iʻole ke kalaʻana i nā mea i hana nuiʻia, ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ka paʻakikī a me ka moekolohe.
• Ponoʻo Bronze i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe - pinepine 600° C i 900 ° C - a me nā manawa'ē aʻe, I kekahi manawa mau hola, E hoʻihoʻi hou i nā ductility.
  Ailunimina bronze, ʻo kahi laʻana, koi i ka mālama ponoʻana e pale i ka corin corsenting e hiki ai ke hōʻole i nā waiwai mechanical.

Machinability a me nā mea hana: Pono a me nā pilikia

Hoʻokomoʻia ka Machintional i nā manawa pōkole, nā kumukūʻai hana, a hoʻopau i ka maikaʻi.

• ʻO ka papa inoa o ke keleawe o ka Machinetability mai 70% i 100% pili i nā kūlana keleawe manuahi manuahi.
  E hana mau ana ia, maʻalahi i kāpiliʻia a koi aku i nā'āpanaʻokiʻoki.
  Hoʻokomoʻia nā mea hoʻohana i nā mea hana, Eʻae i ka mīkini kiʻekiʻe-wikiwiki me nā mea hana liʻiliʻi e komo ai.
• ʻOi aku ka nui o nā inoaʻo Bronze Alloys, me nā helu ma waena 40% a 70%.
  'Olunu, Hoʻonui i nā mea hana e komo i nā kumukūʻai.
  Pono pinepine ka machining bronze i nā mea hana cobal-forming a iʻole nā ​​mea hana cemic a hōʻemi i nā wikiwiki e mālama i ke ola.

10. Hui pū & ʻO keʻano o ke keleawe keleawe he keleawe keleawe

ʻO ke kaula memo a me nā'āpana keleawe he'āpana koʻikoʻi o kā lākou noi ma ka plumbing, nā'ōnaehana uila, nā hui kūpono, a me nā hana kiʻi kiʻi.

Ke kūʻaiʻana i ke keleawe keleawe ma keʻano he brazing o ka bronze

Kūʻai keleawe:

He kūpono loa ke keleawe no ka palupalu a me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī ma muli o konaʻano maikaʻiʻole a me keʻano like me nā mea maʻamau maʻamau.

• ʻO ke kūʻaiʻana (< 450° C) kūpono no nā noi o ke kala-hana e like me ka mea nani, nā leka uila liʻiliʻi, a me nā'āpana hoʻonaninani.
• Nā mea kūʻai aku alakaʻi (E.g., SN-pb 60/40) Hāʻawi i ka momona maikaʻi a me ka ikaika; Akā naʻe,,
  Nā mea kūʻai aku-alakaʻi (E.g., SN-AG a GR-CU) i kēia manawa i hana nuiʻia no nā huahana Rohs-Compant.
• ʻO ka uku hoʻolimalima (ʻO ke kūʻai kālā) hoʻohana i nā mea kūʻai aku kiʻekiʻe (450-800 ° C),
  e like me nā Ag-cu-zn alloys, E hana i nā pū ikaika ikaika i nā mea kani missical, nā kūlana kaumaha kaumaha, a me nā pilina pili.

Bronze Brazing:

ʻO ka brazing ka mea i makemakeʻia no keʻano o ka bronze ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā pono ikaika.

• ʻO nāʻano kiʻekiʻe o ka brazing ma waena 750° C i 950 ° C, Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka alloy.
• Tin-bronze a me phosphor bronze pinepine pinepine i ka hoʻohanaʻana i cu-p a iʻole cu-s-s-shler metals, kohoʻia e pili kokoke i nā mea hao keleawe nui a hōʻemi i nā hopena galvanic.
• Alumini a me ka manganase bronzes koi i nā mea hoʻopiʻi kūikawā me ka hoʻopiliʻana i nāʻike aluminum aluminum e pale ai i ka hana mismatch a me keʻano maʻamau.
• Pono pinepine nā fluxes a iʻole nā ​​mea hoʻonaninani e pale ai i ka oxidation i ka wā o keʻano kiʻekiʻe.

Mechanical (KauwaiHua, E kaomi i nā kūpono)

Ke komoʻana o ke keleawe:

• ʻO ka Manchinibility maikaʻi loa e hana ai i ka maikaʻi loa Nā Nūhou, nui loa i nā'ōnaehana hana e like me kāmaʻa lele souplings, Nā Vilves, a me nā mea nānā aku.
• E kaomi i nā kūpono ua hana maʻamau i nā noi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
  Hiki i nā papa o ke keleawe no keʻano elastic liʻiliʻi elastic i ka wā e hoʻopili ai, Ke hōʻoia nei i kahi hui snug a me ka crorant-resistant.

Bronze mechanical:

• Ma muli o kona ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me ka ikaika, ʻO nā mea koho Bronze i hoʻohanaʻia ma nā noi koʻikoʻi (E.g., Ke hali nei, Kawaihae Keli) e hilinaʻi pinepine i nā puka kaula a me nā mea e hoʻopili i nā mea hana.
• ʻOi aku ka nui mangnese i chin Oole Byyllium Bronze koi pono i ka machino ma ka hana a i kekahi manawa ʻO ka hoʻomehana mua o nā mea hou e hiki ai i nā mea maʻalahi i keʻano o ka maʻalahi me ka hoʻopiliʻoleʻana i nā pale.

Hoʻohālikelike:

• Threading Single wikiwiki: Keleawe - High High (300-400 sfm); Bronze - model (150-250 sfm)
• E kaomi i ka pae kikowaena kūpono (No ka ⌀220 MM Shaft): Keleawe ~ 25-50 μm; Bronze ~ 15-35 μm

Hana kaulikeʻana

ʻO nā kālā kālā kālā:

• ʻO nā kālā keleawe me Epoxies, nā pihi cyanocrylates, a Nā Anerobic Anuheshic, nui loa ma nā hui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
• No nā hopena maikaʻi loa:

• • Maʻemaʻe me ka waiʻona o ka intopropyl a iʻole acetone
  • Mālamalama māmā i ka papa e hoʻonui ai i kahi wahi
  • E hoʻopili i ka adhesive a me Clamp no 5-30 mau minuke e pili ana i ka hanaʻana

Hoʻokomoʻia nā noi Nā'ōlaʻi, Nā Gial Guiges, a me nā mea hanaʻole.

Bronze adheshte bonding:

• Ponoʻoi aku ka nui o nā Bronze cent stick stick prep Ma muli o ka hana rapide oxide.

• • Haʻiʻia: peketio (E.g., phosphorcus acid) a iʻole i ka brit brit e hahaiʻia e ka wā paʻa koke.

• ʻO nā addhey-ikaika kiʻekiʻe me ka evengaation >5% makemakeʻia, ʻO nā mea kūikawā a iʻole nā ​​mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia.

Kūpono no nā mea hana, hana hoʻoponopono, a me nā hoʻonohonoho hoʻonohonoho, ʻO ka mea e hikiʻole ai ke kalaʻole.

11. ʻO nā noi o nāʻoihana koʻikoʻi ma ke keleawe ma ke keleawe bronze

Ua loaʻa iā ia ke keleawe a me ke keleawe i kā lākou wahi i loko o nāʻoihanaʻoihana hou ma o nā kenekulia.

Ko lākou mau hui kūʻokoʻa o ka ikaika mechanical, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a me nā mea hana e hana ai iā lākou i loko o ka nui o nā'āpana.

ʻO nā palapala waiwai o ke keleawe

ʻO nā'ōnaehana uila a me nā'ōnaehana wai

ʻO ka Magelidability maikaʻi loa, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosioni ma ka wai pā, a me ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i ka hiki ke hana i keʻano o ke koho no nā'āpana e like me:

• Pipet complees
• Nā Vilves
• Nā Faucets
• ʻO nā pale kaua
• ʻO nā nozzles sprinkler

Nāʻoihana uila a me nā mea uila

ʻO ke kumu kūʻai uila o ke keleawe maikaʻi a me nā waiwai non-magnetic he kūpono kūpono no ka mīkini uila uila, e like me:

• Nā poloka a me nā kumulāʻau
• Nā meaʻike a me nā hoʻopiliʻana i nā pilina
• Nā Ligs a me nā clamp
• Papa papa helu Kānāwai (PnB) kūkahu

Nā mea hana a me nā kākā

ʻO konaʻano o ka dimensional a me nāʻano hana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e kākoʻo i kona hoʻohanaʻana i loko:

• Nā huila a me nā huila
• Nā knobs
• Nā kāʻei a me nā pākeke

Hōʻikeʻikepili a me nā Hardware

ʻO ke gula gula o ke gula a me ke kū'ēʻana i ka tarnishning eʻaeʻia no ka hoʻohana lōʻihiʻana i ka lōʻihi:

• Nā lima lima a me nā laka
• Nā mea hana lima a me nā mea hoʻonaninani
• Nā mea kani (mau leo, Nā pepeiaohao)
• Nā kukui māmā a me nā grilles ornamental

ʻO nā'āpana Autoomotive a me Aerospace

Hoʻohanaʻia ke keleawe ma kahi o ka hana uila a me ke kūʻana o ka corrosion:

• ʻO nā'āpana-radiator a me nā mea kanu lāʻau
• Laina hoʻokūkū bhai
• ʻO nā mea leʻaleʻa fuel sensors

ʻO nāʻoihana a me nāʻoihana pale

Ma muli o kāna mauʻano a me ke kū'ēʻana i ka corrosion, Hoʻohana nuiʻia ke keleawe:

• Nā hihia Cartridge
• Nā Kūlana
• Nā mea hana Fuse

Nā palapala noi o ka bronze

Nā mākaʻi a me nā lāʻau

Bronze Alloys Alloys-nui loaʻo Tin-bronze a alakaʻi i ka bronze-moder maikaʻi loa i ka paleʻana a me nā embetability, Pono no:

• ʻO nā wahi a me nā mea i koe
• Nā mea kanu
• E alakaʻi i nā mea kaua ma nā'ōnaehana hydraulic

Marine a me Offeporo Engineir

ʻO ke kū'ēʻana o Bronze i keʻano o ka saltwater corrosition e hana i ka mea iʻikeʻia:

• Nā mea waiwai a me nā mea make
• ʻO nā noho kai a me nā mea hou
• ʻO nā'āpana kai moana kai
• Nā hana holo kaʻa submers

Nā mea hana kaumaha a me nā mīkini hana

No ka uku nui, Nā noi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, Kōkua nā mea koho banze i ka hōʻemiʻana i ka friction a me nā lole:

• Nā huila o nā huila a me nā wāwae hipa
• Nā Papa Kiʻi
• E lawe ana i nā cages a me nā sila

AEROSPACE A me nā'ōnaehana pale

Hoʻohanaʻia nā bronze kūikawā i nā bronze a me ke boryllium bronze a me boryllium bronz:

• Nā mea hana paʻa
• ʻO ka nui o keʻano nui
• Nā mea hoʻopili uila me nā waiwai o nā pūnāwai

Sculpture a maikaʻi hoʻi

Mahalo i kāna mau mea kūʻai aku a me nā patina, ʻO Bronze kahi mea maʻamau a me nā mea kūpono no ka:

• Nā'una
• ʻO nā medials a me nā hoʻolālā o nā koho balota
• Nā mea kūʻai aku a me ka hoʻihoʻiʻana

Hoʻohui hoʻohui a me nā mea hoʻolālā holomua

Me ka uluʻana o ka paʻiʻana i ka metal 3d paʻi, Ke nānāʻia nei kekahi mau molneys bronze no:

• Nā'āpana kiʻi kiʻi
• Mea hana kiʻekiʻe
• Prototyping o nā mea hana mechanical me ka waiwai aesthetic

12. Pros a me ke cal o ke keleawe he keleawe

ʻO ke kumu kūʻai nui:

• ʻO ka Mancinability maikaʻi
• Kāleʻa Kūʻai Nui
• Pono
• ʻO nāʻano maikaʻi loa

Cons:

• ʻO ka hopena Dezincification
• Ikaika ikaika
• Prne to tarnish

Bronze pros:

• Ikaika kiʻekiʻe a kau i ke kū'ē
• Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosion Corrosiotion
• Maikaʻi loa no nā mea halihali a me nā'āpana mare
• ʻO Patina maikaʻi i ka wā

Cronze Conser:

• ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mīkini
• ʻOi aku ka nui
• Hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me keʻano uila

13. Nā Papa Hoʻolālā: Keleawe ma keleawe keleawe

14. Hopena

Keleawe a me ke keleawe, ʻOiai e like me keʻano o ke kiʻiʻana i nā alloys, Hāʻawi i nā waiwai likeʻole a me nā noi.

Keleawe i ke ola, NoMame, a me ke kumukuai, Ke kūpono nei ia no ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā electrical a me nā hoʻohanaʻana. Ua kūʻo Bronze i ikaika, Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosionion, a me ka lōʻihi

Ke kohoʻana ma waena o ke keleawe a me ke keleawe e pono ai i kahiʻike kiko'ī o nā pono hana, 'Āpana Kūlana, a me nā kumu kūʻai.

Ma ka hoʻololiʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona waiwai me nā koi noi, Hiki i nā mīkini a me nā mea hoʻolālā ke hōʻoia i ka lōʻihi, kūlia, a me nā waiwai aesthetic ma kā lākou huahana.

 

FaqS

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi: Keleawe a keleawe paha?

Aia ia i ka noi.

• Keihei ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā noi noi Palapala maikai, mea kūʻai uila, a a hoʻomālamalama, ʻO ka hāʻike nānā, e like me plumbing, nā mea kani, a me nā mea hoʻopili uila.
• Bronze ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ikaika-ikaika, komo-resistant, a corrosions-resistant noi, i loko Marine, lawe mau, a NA KAHIKI nā wahi.

I ka pōkole:

• Koho Keihei No nā aesthetics a me ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻokumuʻana.
• Koho bronze no ka ikaika, durability, a me nā wahi weliweli.

He keleawe a keleawe paha?

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka bronze ma mua o ke keleawe.

• ʻO kēia ma muli o konaʻike kiʻekiʻe o kū, aluminum, a iʻole nā ​​mea'ē aʻe'ē aʻe Uā beryllium, ʻO ka mea nui aʻe ma mua o Zinc (hoʻohanaʻia ma ke keleawe).
• KAHUIA, Bronze Alloys ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻoiliʻana i ka paʻakikī a hoʻohana pinepineʻia koʻikoʻi a iʻole nā ​​noi kiʻekiʻe, hoʻonui hou i ke kumukūʻai.

Pehea e hiki ai iāʻoe ke haʻi aku inā he bronze a keleawe paha?

Eiaa nā ala nui e hoʻokaʻawale ai ma waena o ke keleawe a me ke keleawe:

1. Kāleka:

• • Keihei: Melemele i ke gula, Ke hilinaʻi nei i nāʻikepili Zinc.
  • Bronze: 'Ulaʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, ʻoi aku ka wiwoʻole a me kahi patina.

2. Kani (Tonal maikaʻi):

• • Hahau i ka mea e mālie: Keihei pinepine nā kani kiʻekiʻe a me nā "kani", oiai bronze Hāʻawi i kahi hohonu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hoʻopakele.

3. Magnesism:

• • He mau non-magnetic, Akā he mau mea nui paha nā poʻe bronze e loaʻa ai nā'āpana o ka hao a iʻole nā ​​mea'ē aʻe e hōʻike ana i ka hana magnetic liʻiliʻi.

4. Hōʻike hōʻike (Inā palekana e hana):

• • Nā mea kanu keleawe Puhi, ʻO nā kiʻiʻulaʻula, oiai ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o ke keleawe a me nā keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo.

No ke aha i hoʻohana nuiʻia ai ka bronze?

Hoʻohanaʻiaʻo Bronze, aka,:

• Ua lilo ia liʻiliʻi i nā huahana kūʻai ma muli o ʻO nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe loa A me ka ala aʻe o nā mea hou aʻe e like me ke keleawe, Nā Plasttics, a me ke kila kila.
• Keihei, e maʻalahi i ka mīkini a me ka cheaper e hana ai, ai ua hoʻololiʻiaʻo bronze I nā noi he nuiʻole e like me ka mea koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka ikaika o ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a iʻole ke kū'ēʻana.
• I Hōʻike Manaʻo, Ua mālamaʻiaʻo Bronze no Nā kuleana kiko'ī (E.g., ʻO nā mea alohaʻo Marine, Bussings) kahi e pono ai nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa.